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<p>The soil-borne fungal pathogen <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> remains a primary constraint to global crop productivity, causing significant damping-off and fruit rot across diverse cropping environments. In response to the ecological demand for sustainable biopesticides, this study explores the potential of bacterial Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) as a contact-independent, fumigant-based biocontrol approach. <i>B. siamensis</i> strain NKIT9 was evaluated for its antagonistic activity against <i>R. solani</i>. In vitro sealed-plate bioassays demonstrated that NKIT9-derived volatiles effectively suppress mycelial growth by &gt; 60%. Using Solid-phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS), we characterized a complex volatilome consisting of 45 detected metabolites, of which 29 were identified as bacterium-derived compounds, including ketones, alkanes, and terpenes. The profile contains established antifungal agents such as 6-methyl-2-heptanone, heptadecane, and β-fenchol, the ketone 2-undecanone which were identified as the most potent bioactive constituent. These results suggest that <i>B. siamensis</i> NKIT9 is a promising candidate for further investigation as a source of volatile metabolites with potential application in bio-fumigation strategies for integrated disease management, pending validation under field conditions.</p>

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Deciphering the volatilome of Bacillus siamensis NKIT9: identification of potent antifungal volatile organic compounds against Rhizoctonia solani

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月30日

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  • Nutan Kaushik,
  • Takwa Marzouk,
  • Ayushi Sharma,
  • Selim Jallouli,
  • Naceur Djébali

摘要

The soil-borne fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani remains a primary constraint to global crop productivity, causing significant damping-off and fruit rot across diverse cropping environments. In response to the ecological demand for sustainable biopesticides, this study explores the potential of bacterial Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) as a contact-independent, fumigant-based biocontrol approach. B. siamensis strain NKIT9 was evaluated for its antagonistic activity against R. solani. In vitro sealed-plate bioassays demonstrated that NKIT9-derived volatiles effectively suppress mycelial growth by > 60%. Using Solid-phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS), we characterized a complex volatilome consisting of 45 detected metabolites, of which 29 were identified as bacterium-derived compounds, including ketones, alkanes, and terpenes. The profile contains established antifungal agents such as 6-methyl-2-heptanone, heptadecane, and β-fenchol, the ketone 2-undecanone which were identified as the most potent bioactive constituent. These results suggest that B. siamensis NKIT9 is a promising candidate for further investigation as a source of volatile metabolites with potential application in bio-fumigation strategies for integrated disease management, pending validation under field conditions.