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<p>This study investigates the effects of four epigenetic treatments on the free amino-acid and central-carbon metabolite profiles of <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>. The objective was to assess how naturally derived epigenetic agents reshape yeast metabolism, with a particular focus on amino-acid pools and key intermediates of glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Yeast cultures were grown in media supplemented with 5-azacytidine, sodium butyrate, curcumin, or green tea extract, and metabolites were quantified using LC–MS/MS. All four treatments induced marked shifts in amino-acid abundance. Essential amino acids—including leucine, tryptophan, and phenylalanine—significantly increased, with azacytidine yielding the strongest elevation (up to two-fold relative to control). Non-essential amino acids showed similar upward trends across treatments. Central-carbon metabolites such as pyruvate, acetyl-CoA, and citrate also accumulated substantially. Correlation-based and network analyses revealed coordinated modules linking amino-acid metabolism with energy-producing pathways, and enrichment analysis highlighted perturbations in gluconeogenesis and fatty-acid metabolism. Collectively, these results provide a quantitative and network-level perspective on metabolic reorganization induced by epigenetic modulators and establish a reference framework for future multi-omics investigations in yeast.</p>

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Metabolic adaptations of yeast cells to epigenetic modifiers: a comparative analysis of free amino acid profiles and key metabolites

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月6日

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  • Hajar Ebadi,
  • Payam Setoodeh,
  • Ali Niazi

摘要

This study investigates the effects of four epigenetic treatments on the free amino-acid and central-carbon metabolite profiles of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The objective was to assess how naturally derived epigenetic agents reshape yeast metabolism, with a particular focus on amino-acid pools and key intermediates of glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Yeast cultures were grown in media supplemented with 5-azacytidine, sodium butyrate, curcumin, or green tea extract, and metabolites were quantified using LC–MS/MS. All four treatments induced marked shifts in amino-acid abundance. Essential amino acids—including leucine, tryptophan, and phenylalanine—significantly increased, with azacytidine yielding the strongest elevation (up to two-fold relative to control). Non-essential amino acids showed similar upward trends across treatments. Central-carbon metabolites such as pyruvate, acetyl-CoA, and citrate also accumulated substantially. Correlation-based and network analyses revealed coordinated modules linking amino-acid metabolism with energy-producing pathways, and enrichment analysis highlighted perturbations in gluconeogenesis and fatty-acid metabolism. Collectively, these results provide a quantitative and network-level perspective on metabolic reorganization induced by epigenetic modulators and establish a reference framework for future multi-omics investigations in yeast.