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<p>L-asparaginase (L-ASNase) is an enzyme that depletes asparagine, a key amino acid for cancer cell survival, producing aspartic acid and ammonia. Beyond its food industry applications, L-ASNase is a clinically important agent against acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In this study, L-ASNase was produced and purified from <i>Candida utilis</i> via solid-state fermentation. Optimization on wheat bran identified 2 mL inoculation volume, 60% moisture, and a 4-day fermentation period as the optimal conditions, yielding 172.5 U/mL activity. The purified enzyme was tested against glioblastoma (GBM) cell lines, showing IC₅₀ values of 0.4 U/mL for U87MG and 1.8 U/mL for T98G, with minimal toxicity toward normal HaCaT cells. Apoptotic effects were confirmed by DAPI/F-actin and Giemsa staining, while wound healing and clonogenic assays revealed inhibition of cell migration and colony formation. RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated downregulation of the Survivin gene, a key survival regulator. These findings highlight L-ASNase’s potent antiproliferative, anti-migratory, and pro-apoptotic effects, underscoring its potential as an adjuvant therapy for GBM.</p>

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Production of L-asparaginase from Candida utilis by solid-state fermentation: a comprehensive assessment of its antiproliferative potential on glioblastoma cells

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月19日

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  • Meryem Damla Özdemir Alkış,
  • Semih Latif İpek,
  • Ahmet Tülek,
  • Cennet Pelin Boyacı Gündüz,
  • Dilek Göktürk

摘要

L-asparaginase (L-ASNase) is an enzyme that depletes asparagine, a key amino acid for cancer cell survival, producing aspartic acid and ammonia. Beyond its food industry applications, L-ASNase is a clinically important agent against acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In this study, L-ASNase was produced and purified from Candida utilis via solid-state fermentation. Optimization on wheat bran identified 2 mL inoculation volume, 60% moisture, and a 4-day fermentation period as the optimal conditions, yielding 172.5 U/mL activity. The purified enzyme was tested against glioblastoma (GBM) cell lines, showing IC₅₀ values of 0.4 U/mL for U87MG and 1.8 U/mL for T98G, with minimal toxicity toward normal HaCaT cells. Apoptotic effects were confirmed by DAPI/F-actin and Giemsa staining, while wound healing and clonogenic assays revealed inhibition of cell migration and colony formation. RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated downregulation of the Survivin gene, a key survival regulator. These findings highlight L-ASNase’s potent antiproliferative, anti-migratory, and pro-apoptotic effects, underscoring its potential as an adjuvant therapy for GBM.