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<p>Utilizing metal/nanoparticle (NP)- tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is a sustainable and eco-friendly approach for remediation of NP-induced phytotoxicity. Here, <i>Pisum sativum</i> (L.) plants co-cultivated with different CuO-NP concentrations exhibited reduced growth, leaf pigments, yield attributes, and increased oxidative stress levels. Cu-tolerant (800&#xa0;µM) <i>Klebsiella variicola</i> strain SRB-4 (Accession no. OR715781.1<b>)</b> recovered from metal-contaminated soils produced various PGP traits, including IAA, EPS, siderophore, HCN, ammonia, and solubilized insoluble P. The PGP substances were marginally increased with increasing CuO-NP concentrations. When applied, Cu-tolerant SRB-4 strain increased root length (18%), root biomass (15.3%), total chlorophyll (29%), carotenoids (30%), root N (21%), root P (23%), total soluble protein (20%) nodule number (32%), nodule biomass (39%) and leghaemoglobin content (18%) in 50&#xa0;µM CuO-NP-exposed peas. Furthermore, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide radical, hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) content, and membrane injury in <i>K. variicola</i>-inoculated and 50&#xa0;µM CuO-NP-treated plants were maximally and significantly (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) reduced by 70.6, 26.8, 60.8, and 71.6%, respectively, over uninoculated but treated with similar NP doses. Moreover, <i>K</i>. <i>variicola</i> inoculation caused a significant (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) decline in Cu uptake in roots (71%), shoots (65.5%), and grains (76.4%) of peas grown in soil contaminated with 50&#xa0;µM CuO-NP. The multivariate i.e. heat map and pearson correlation analyses between the NP-treated and PGPR inoculated parameters revealed a significant and strong positive corelation. The NP-tolerant indigenous beneficial <i>K</i>. <i>variicola</i> could be applied as an alternative to enhance the production of <i>P</i>. <i>sativum</i> cultivated in nano-polluted soil systems. Additionally, more investigation is required to ascertain the seed/soil inoculation effect of <i>K</i>. <i>variicola</i> SRB-4 on soil biological activities and different crops under various experimental setups.</p>

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Cu-tolerant Klebsiella variicola SRB-4 increased the nanoparticle (NP) stress resilience in garden peas (Pisum sativum L.) raised in soil polluted with varying doses of copper oxide (CuO)-NP

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月11日

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  • Mohammad Danish,
  • Mohammad Shahid,
  • Zaryab Shafi,
  • Mohammad Abul Farah,
  • Khalid Mashay Al-Anazi

摘要

Utilizing metal/nanoparticle (NP)- tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is a sustainable and eco-friendly approach for remediation of NP-induced phytotoxicity. Here, Pisum sativum (L.) plants co-cultivated with different CuO-NP concentrations exhibited reduced growth, leaf pigments, yield attributes, and increased oxidative stress levels. Cu-tolerant (800 µM) Klebsiella variicola strain SRB-4 (Accession no. OR715781.1) recovered from metal-contaminated soils produced various PGP traits, including IAA, EPS, siderophore, HCN, ammonia, and solubilized insoluble P. The PGP substances were marginally increased with increasing CuO-NP concentrations. When applied, Cu-tolerant SRB-4 strain increased root length (18%), root biomass (15.3%), total chlorophyll (29%), carotenoids (30%), root N (21%), root P (23%), total soluble protein (20%) nodule number (32%), nodule biomass (39%) and leghaemoglobin content (18%) in 50 µM CuO-NP-exposed peas. Furthermore, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide radical, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, and membrane injury in K. variicola-inoculated and 50 µM CuO-NP-treated plants were maximally and significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reduced by 70.6, 26.8, 60.8, and 71.6%, respectively, over uninoculated but treated with similar NP doses. Moreover, K. variicola inoculation caused a significant (p ≤ 0.05) decline in Cu uptake in roots (71%), shoots (65.5%), and grains (76.4%) of peas grown in soil contaminated with 50 µM CuO-NP. The multivariate i.e. heat map and pearson correlation analyses between the NP-treated and PGPR inoculated parameters revealed a significant and strong positive corelation. The NP-tolerant indigenous beneficial K. variicola could be applied as an alternative to enhance the production of P. sativum cultivated in nano-polluted soil systems. Additionally, more investigation is required to ascertain the seed/soil inoculation effect of K. variicola SRB-4 on soil biological activities and different crops under various experimental setups.