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<p>Sambhar Lake, the largest inland saline wetland and a designated Ramsar site located in the semi-arid region of Rajasthan (India), represents an ecologically important habitat for various biotic components including zooplankton. Zooplankton are a key component of aquatic food webs and serve as sensitive indicators of environmental change in saline ecosystems. This study investigated the seasonal diversity and community structure of zooplankton across five sampling sites in Sambhar Lake from November 2024 to October 2025. Physicochemical parameters and diversity indices were analysed to evaluate ecological patterns in relation to seasonal physicochemical variability. A total of 43 zooplankton species were recorded during the study period. The results revealed distinct seasonal variation in zooplankton composition, with higher Shannon diversity (H` = 2.659) during the spring and reduced diversity during the summer under elevated salinity conditions. The highest zooplankton abundance (288 individuals/L) and species richness (23 taxa) were recorded during the monsoon, whereas the lowest values (6 individuals/L, 1 taxon) occurred in summer. Correlation and principal component analysis indicated that salinity and temperature were the major environmental gradients influencing zooplankton distribution. These findings highlight the importance of seasonal physicochemical dynamics in regulating zooplankton community structure in hypersaline wetland ecosystems.</p>

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Hydrobiological drivers of zooplankton community structure and seasonal succession in a hypersaline endorheic ecosystem

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月5日

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  • Pankaj Yadav,
  • Kanchan Singhvi,
  • Dinesh Kumar Saini,
  • Anima Sharma,
  • Subhash Chandra

摘要

Sambhar Lake, the largest inland saline wetland and a designated Ramsar site located in the semi-arid region of Rajasthan (India), represents an ecologically important habitat for various biotic components including zooplankton. Zooplankton are a key component of aquatic food webs and serve as sensitive indicators of environmental change in saline ecosystems. This study investigated the seasonal diversity and community structure of zooplankton across five sampling sites in Sambhar Lake from November 2024 to October 2025. Physicochemical parameters and diversity indices were analysed to evaluate ecological patterns in relation to seasonal physicochemical variability. A total of 43 zooplankton species were recorded during the study period. The results revealed distinct seasonal variation in zooplankton composition, with higher Shannon diversity (H` = 2.659) during the spring and reduced diversity during the summer under elevated salinity conditions. The highest zooplankton abundance (288 individuals/L) and species richness (23 taxa) were recorded during the monsoon, whereas the lowest values (6 individuals/L, 1 taxon) occurred in summer. Correlation and principal component analysis indicated that salinity and temperature were the major environmental gradients influencing zooplankton distribution. These findings highlight the importance of seasonal physicochemical dynamics in regulating zooplankton community structure in hypersaline wetland ecosystems.