<p>Mangroves are vital coastal ecosystems that provide critical services and support millions of livelihoods worldwide. However, they are increasingly threatened by climate change and anthropogenic pressures. Resilience refers to the capacity of social-ecological systems to absorb disturbances, adapt to change, and maintain their core functions. In mangrove ecosystems, such assessments are particularly important given the multiple environmental and socio-economic pressures affecting these coastal systems. Most existing resilience assessment methods often overlook the interconnectedness of mangroves as part of social-ecological systems, focusing on either ecological or social dimensions in isolation. This study introduces the Mangrove Social-Ecological Resilience Appraisal (MaSERA), a novel interdisciplinary methodological framework designed to assess the resilience of mangroves by integrating plant, fish and human components alongside their systemic interactions. The framework distinguishes between specific variables linked to individual components, and systemic variables capturing interactions and governance dynamics. Rather than using composite indices, MaSERA advocates for detailed and context-sensitive assessments of resilience. The flexibility of the framework allows adaptation to diverse settings while enabling cross-regional comparisons through a core set of recommended variables and indicators. MaSERA offers a practical tool for scholars, conservationists, and policymakers to identify factors that enable or erode mangrove resilience to promote sustainability.</p>