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<p>Coastal land reclamation (LR) is widely reported to have adverse impacts on the coastal and marine environments. Meanwhile, mangrove afforestation (MA) and MA-based coastal protection measures are costly and time-consuming processes that have not always achieved the desired results. The question of whether LR could be used as an ecological restoration alternative to MA remains unclear. The authors addressed this issue to some extent by using the Phu Cuong Urban Development Area in Kien Giang, Vietnam, as a case study. This study aimed to investigate how LR supported the growth of mangrove forests. This aim was achieved by calculating mangrove vegetation cover and documenting the growth of the mangrove forests over time through long-term monitoring between 2020 and March 2025. The results showed that LR created favourable conditions that supported strong mangrove growth both onshore and offshore. As a result, five mangrove species colonized the area between 2020 and 2025, despite no mangrove seeds or seedlings having been planted. This growth then naturally connected the isolated mangrove areas by compacting and elevating the substrate density in the remaining areas to form coastal mangrove patches. Furthermore, favourable dynamic environmental conditions, sediment compaction processes, and heavy grass growth, both onshore and offshore, strongly supported the growth of the mangrove species. The lessons are that LR could be emphasized as an ecological restoration alternative to MA, and that MA is unnecessary in areas with favourable hydrodynamic conditions and the presence of seed sources.</p>

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How can coastal land reclamation support mangrove growth? Evidence from Vietnam

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月1日

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  • Nguyen Tan Phong,
  • Nguyen Bao Thuan,
  • Huynh Van Quoc,
  • Tang Van Tai,
  • Duong Tran Anh

摘要

Coastal land reclamation (LR) is widely reported to have adverse impacts on the coastal and marine environments. Meanwhile, mangrove afforestation (MA) and MA-based coastal protection measures are costly and time-consuming processes that have not always achieved the desired results. The question of whether LR could be used as an ecological restoration alternative to MA remains unclear. The authors addressed this issue to some extent by using the Phu Cuong Urban Development Area in Kien Giang, Vietnam, as a case study. This study aimed to investigate how LR supported the growth of mangrove forests. This aim was achieved by calculating mangrove vegetation cover and documenting the growth of the mangrove forests over time through long-term monitoring between 2020 and March 2025. The results showed that LR created favourable conditions that supported strong mangrove growth both onshore and offshore. As a result, five mangrove species colonized the area between 2020 and 2025, despite no mangrove seeds or seedlings having been planted. This growth then naturally connected the isolated mangrove areas by compacting and elevating the substrate density in the remaining areas to form coastal mangrove patches. Furthermore, favourable dynamic environmental conditions, sediment compaction processes, and heavy grass growth, both onshore and offshore, strongly supported the growth of the mangrove species. The lessons are that LR could be emphasized as an ecological restoration alternative to MA, and that MA is unnecessary in areas with favourable hydrodynamic conditions and the presence of seed sources.