<p>The concept of planetary boundaries and Earth System Boundaries serves as a potent framework for understanding various environmental limits. Breaches at any single or combination of levels can result in significant environmental and societal impacts. Rapid urbanisation is often cited as a key contributor to the disruption of planetary boundaries; however, scholarly explorations of multi-modal impact assessment are scarce. Policies that alienate urbanisation or treat it as an isolated phenomenon are not wise. Integrated roadmaps involving all the stakeholders at the societal and governmental levels are the need of the hour. This study qualitatively analyzes the importance of urban wetlands in mitigating the transgression of planetary boundaries, synthesizing existing literature, secondary data, and expert insights. East Kolkata Wetlands (EKW), an urban Ramsar site, is used as a case study to illustrate these dynamics. The interrelations between the quality of life of the migrating population in the metropolitan city of Kolkata, undergoing aggressive urbanisation and the overall health of the EKW underscore the criticality of strategic socio-economic management of population dynamics for efficient protection and restoration of environmental resources. A SWOT analysis was performed, taking into consideration the intricacies of carbon, nutrient and pollutant cycling in EKW for their potential role in the maintenance and protection of biodiversity. A ten-point inclusive strategy is proposed for affirmative actions to protect urban wetlands and utilise them as a key tool in mitigating the disruption of planetary boundaries due to rapid urbanisation. Adequate funding and monitored expenditure management need to be mandated by policy to attain the sustainability of the urban wetlands.</p>