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<p>Excessive application of nitrogen (N) fertilizers can have detrimental effects on nutrient runoff from rice paddies, posing significant risks to groundwater safety. Increased salinity-alkalinity levels may heighten the likelihood of surface water leaching. However, the effects of various types of N-fertilizers on nutrient leaching in saline-alkali rice paddies remain uncertain. This study established five typical N-fertilizer applications in a moderately saline-alkali rice paddy and monitored the actual leaching runoff throughout the entire rice cultivation period. In saline-alkali rice paddies, ammonia-N was the predominant form of N leaching across all treatments involving N-fertilizers, whereas nitrate–N was the primary form in the control treatment without any N-fertilizers. Fertilization stages, N-fertilizer types and their interaction significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) influenced the leaching losses of N, phosphorus (P) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). For all treatments, the leaching losses of total-N (TN), total-P (TP) and COD was primarily concentrated during the panicle initiation fertilizer stage. The leaching loss levels of TN, TP, and COD when utilizing inorganic compound fertilizer (ICF) were found to be 18.79 – 40.26%, 33.66 – 62.11%, and 27.11 – 49.47% lower, respectively, compared to the other four N-fertilizer treatments. This research demonstrated that ICF serves as a more efficient N-fertilizer for managing nutrient leaching in saline-alkali rice paddies.</p>

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Evaluating the Influence of Nitrogen Fertilizer Types on Nutrient Leaching in Moderately Saline-Alkali Rice Paddies

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月20日

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  • Qifeng Yang,
  • Xinyi Wang,
  • Hui Zhu,
  • Hu Cui,
  • Shengnan Hou

摘要

Excessive application of nitrogen (N) fertilizers can have detrimental effects on nutrient runoff from rice paddies, posing significant risks to groundwater safety. Increased salinity-alkalinity levels may heighten the likelihood of surface water leaching. However, the effects of various types of N-fertilizers on nutrient leaching in saline-alkali rice paddies remain uncertain. This study established five typical N-fertilizer applications in a moderately saline-alkali rice paddy and monitored the actual leaching runoff throughout the entire rice cultivation period. In saline-alkali rice paddies, ammonia-N was the predominant form of N leaching across all treatments involving N-fertilizers, whereas nitrate–N was the primary form in the control treatment without any N-fertilizers. Fertilization stages, N-fertilizer types and their interaction significantly (p < 0.001) influenced the leaching losses of N, phosphorus (P) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). For all treatments, the leaching losses of total-N (TN), total-P (TP) and COD was primarily concentrated during the panicle initiation fertilizer stage. The leaching loss levels of TN, TP, and COD when utilizing inorganic compound fertilizer (ICF) were found to be 18.79 – 40.26%, 33.66 – 62.11%, and 27.11 – 49.47% lower, respectively, compared to the other four N-fertilizer treatments. This research demonstrated that ICF serves as a more efficient N-fertilizer for managing nutrient leaching in saline-alkali rice paddies.