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<p>Mining activities often homogenize community structures and reduce species richness, making ecological degradation and restoration in mining areas urgent concerns. This study investigated the effects of different plants on metal accumulation and chemical forms. Ryegrass, creeping bentgrass, and bermudagrass were selected as pioneer plants for restoring metal-contaminated mining sites because of their high drought tolerance. Under normal conditions, bermudagrass accumulated robust biomass, and drought stress significantly inhibited its growth. Ryegrass demonstrated a comprehensive metal resistance index of 0.93, indicating strong overall tolerance. All three plant species demonstrated strong zinc (Zn) enrichment capabilities. However, only ryegrass exhibited a high cadmium (Cd) accumulation under both drought and normal conditions. All three plants contributed to the reduced bioavailability of Zn and lead in the soil; however, only bermudagrass significantly influenced the chemical forms of Cd. From a restoration perspective, metal removal rates were generally higher under normal conditions than under drought conditions. Ryegrass showed the highest efficacy in reducing the soil metal content, achieving a Cd removal rate of up to 20%. In conclusion, ryegrass is an excellent candidate for the remediation of metal-contaminated soils, particularly in arid and semi-arid areas.</p>

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Gramineous Plants as Phytoremediation Candidates for Metal Contaminated Mining Soils under Drought Stress

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月17日

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  • Honglei Jia,
  • Zhiwei Ran,
  • Qing Wang,
  • Haodong An,
  • Ting Wei,
  • Chunping Zhang,
  • Gang Zhu,
  • Junkang Guo

摘要

Mining activities often homogenize community structures and reduce species richness, making ecological degradation and restoration in mining areas urgent concerns. This study investigated the effects of different plants on metal accumulation and chemical forms. Ryegrass, creeping bentgrass, and bermudagrass were selected as pioneer plants for restoring metal-contaminated mining sites because of their high drought tolerance. Under normal conditions, bermudagrass accumulated robust biomass, and drought stress significantly inhibited its growth. Ryegrass demonstrated a comprehensive metal resistance index of 0.93, indicating strong overall tolerance. All three plant species demonstrated strong zinc (Zn) enrichment capabilities. However, only ryegrass exhibited a high cadmium (Cd) accumulation under both drought and normal conditions. All three plants contributed to the reduced bioavailability of Zn and lead in the soil; however, only bermudagrass significantly influenced the chemical forms of Cd. From a restoration perspective, metal removal rates were generally higher under normal conditions than under drought conditions. Ryegrass showed the highest efficacy in reducing the soil metal content, achieving a Cd removal rate of up to 20%. In conclusion, ryegrass is an excellent candidate for the remediation of metal-contaminated soils, particularly in arid and semi-arid areas.