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<p>This study evaluated heavy metals concentrations such as titanium (Ti), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), iron (Fe), mercury (Hg), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), molybdenum (Mo), and zinc (Zn) in soil samples taken from Küre copper mining site in Kastamonu, Türkiye. The study determined the pollution levels, ecological risks, and the progress made in phytoremediation potential and sequestration capacity involving Taurus cedar (<i>Cedrus libani</i> A. Richard) trees. Soil pH ranged from 6.1 to 7.4, electrical conductivity (EC) from 0.17 to 1.95 dS/m, skeletal content from 43.9% to 72.3%, and organic matter content from 7.69% to 15.34%. In the soil of <i>C. libani</i>, the average concentrations of heavy metals decreased in the following order: Cu &gt; Cr &gt; V &gt; Ni &gt; Co &gt; As &gt; Se &gt; Hg &gt; Mo. <i>EF</i> values indicate moderate enrichment for Cr (2.31), Co (4.02), Zn (2.07), and Mo (3.26), while Cu (9.2) and Hg (82.4) show a very high enrichment. Moderate contamination levels of Cr (1.08) and Co (1.67), and high contamination levels of Cu (2.60) and Hg (3.67) were detected in soil samples using <i>Igeo</i> indices. High levels of Co, Mo, Cu, and Hg contamination were detected in soil samples according to <i>Cf</i> indices. According to <i>PLI</i> indices, high levels of contamination have been detected in soil samples for most heavy metals (except Mn). <i>Cdeg</i> index has shown that all metals are highly valued in soil samples. <i>C. libani</i> exhibited <i>TF</i> &gt; 1 for Mo, Hg, and Mn in all soils and were hyperaccumulators only for Hg. Finally, this study has provided an up-to-date assessment of metal accumulation in the Küre copper mining site and essential information necessary for improving post-mining land reclamation.</p>

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Phytoremediation Efficiency of Cedar Trees in Copper Mining Sites: The Case of Küre Copper Mine, Türkiye

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月1日

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  • Gamze Savacı Selamet,
  • Talha Şirin

摘要

This study evaluated heavy metals concentrations such as titanium (Ti), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), iron (Fe), mercury (Hg), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), molybdenum (Mo), and zinc (Zn) in soil samples taken from Küre copper mining site in Kastamonu, Türkiye. The study determined the pollution levels, ecological risks, and the progress made in phytoremediation potential and sequestration capacity involving Taurus cedar (Cedrus libani A. Richard) trees. Soil pH ranged from 6.1 to 7.4, electrical conductivity (EC) from 0.17 to 1.95 dS/m, skeletal content from 43.9% to 72.3%, and organic matter content from 7.69% to 15.34%. In the soil of C. libani, the average concentrations of heavy metals decreased in the following order: Cu > Cr > V > Ni > Co > As > Se > Hg > Mo. EF values indicate moderate enrichment for Cr (2.31), Co (4.02), Zn (2.07), and Mo (3.26), while Cu (9.2) and Hg (82.4) show a very high enrichment. Moderate contamination levels of Cr (1.08) and Co (1.67), and high contamination levels of Cu (2.60) and Hg (3.67) were detected in soil samples using Igeo indices. High levels of Co, Mo, Cu, and Hg contamination were detected in soil samples according to Cf indices. According to PLI indices, high levels of contamination have been detected in soil samples for most heavy metals (except Mn). Cdeg index has shown that all metals are highly valued in soil samples. C. libani exhibited TF > 1 for Mo, Hg, and Mn in all soils and were hyperaccumulators only for Hg. Finally, this study has provided an up-to-date assessment of metal accumulation in the Küre copper mining site and essential information necessary for improving post-mining land reclamation.