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<p>A hybrid Al₂O₃@ZnMn₂O₄ nanocomposite was synthesized from aluminum housings of spent lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) and Zn/Mn components of discarded zinc-carbon batteries (ZCBs) via a simple recycling route. Structural and surface properties were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM–EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The nanocomposite exhibited enhanced adsorption performance toward methylene blue (MB), achieving 99% removal at pH 7 within 90 min using 25 mg adsorbent in 25 mL of 10 mg/L solution. The maximum adsorption capacity reached 36.5 mg/g at room temperature. Equilibrium data fitted both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, indicating heterogeneous adsorption behavior, while kinetic studies followed pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models with rapid initial uptake. The nanocomposite retained 91% removal efficiency after three regeneration cycles, outperforming individual Al₂O₃ (63%) and ZnMn₂O₄ (71%). This study demonstrates, for the first time, the integration of dual battery waste streams to fabricate a synergistic hybrid adsorbent effective under neutral conditions, providing a sustainable route for wastewater treatment.</p>

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A Hybrid, Efficient, and Low-Cost Nanocomposite Synthesized from Spent Li-Ion and Zinc-Carbon Batteries for the Adsorptive Removal of Methylene Blue at Neutral pH Conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月26日

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  • Abbas Saad,
  • Mahmoud Eladaoy,
  • Ahmed A. Fadel,
  • Abo-bakr Kamal,
  • Hassan Ahmed Osman,
  • Rabeea D. Abdel-Rahim,
  • Hassanien Gomaa

摘要

A hybrid Al₂O₃@ZnMn₂O₄ nanocomposite was synthesized from aluminum housings of spent lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) and Zn/Mn components of discarded zinc-carbon batteries (ZCBs) via a simple recycling route. Structural and surface properties were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM–EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The nanocomposite exhibited enhanced adsorption performance toward methylene blue (MB), achieving 99% removal at pH 7 within 90 min using 25 mg adsorbent in 25 mL of 10 mg/L solution. The maximum adsorption capacity reached 36.5 mg/g at room temperature. Equilibrium data fitted both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, indicating heterogeneous adsorption behavior, while kinetic studies followed pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models with rapid initial uptake. The nanocomposite retained 91% removal efficiency after three regeneration cycles, outperforming individual Al₂O₃ (63%) and ZnMn₂O₄ (71%). This study demonstrates, for the first time, the integration of dual battery waste streams to fabricate a synergistic hybrid adsorbent effective under neutral conditions, providing a sustainable route for wastewater treatment.