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<p>With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, oil exploitation has become increasingly intensive. Bioremediation of soil pollution resulting from crude oil utilization remains a major research challenge globally, and the heavy fractions of crude oil (e.g., resins and asphaltenes (RA)) are the key bottleneck in remediating crude oil-contaminated soil. In this study, the resins and asphaltenes (RA) fraction in spilled crude oil from the Liaohe Oilfield was selected as the research target. Microbial degradation experiments were performed using <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, two strains isolated from crude oil-contaminated soil. We investigated the degradation characteristics of these strains toward RA by manipulating the carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) and nitrogen-to-phosphorus (N/P) ratios, and evaluated the effects of C/N and N/P ratios regulated by nitrogen amendment on microbial degradation efficiency. The results showed that <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> achieved the highest degradation efficiency for RA and aromatic hydrocarbons when the C/N ratio was 10:1. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation was found between N/P ratios regulated by nitrogen amendment and microbial growth, with nitrogen availability as the core driving factor. Moreover, both strains significantly reduced the total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) content in soil at an N/P ratio of 20:1. This study enhances our understanding of the microbial degradation mechanisms of RA and provides a scientific basis for optimizing microbial remediation of heavy fractions in crude oil-contaminated soils via nutrient regulation.</p>

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Characterization of Resins and Asphaltenes (RA) Degradation by Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa under Different C/N, N/P ratios Regulated by Ammonium Sulfate

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月23日

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  • Li Pan,
  • Zhixin Niu,
  • Jiatong Niu,
  • Xinyue Li,
  • Xiaojun Li,
  • Ziyao Wang

摘要

With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, oil exploitation has become increasingly intensive. Bioremediation of soil pollution resulting from crude oil utilization remains a major research challenge globally, and the heavy fractions of crude oil (e.g., resins and asphaltenes (RA)) are the key bottleneck in remediating crude oil-contaminated soil. In this study, the resins and asphaltenes (RA) fraction in spilled crude oil from the Liaohe Oilfield was selected as the research target. Microbial degradation experiments were performed using Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, two strains isolated from crude oil-contaminated soil. We investigated the degradation characteristics of these strains toward RA by manipulating the carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) and nitrogen-to-phosphorus (N/P) ratios, and evaluated the effects of C/N and N/P ratios regulated by nitrogen amendment on microbial degradation efficiency. The results showed that Bacillus subtilis achieved the highest degradation efficiency for RA and aromatic hydrocarbons when the C/N ratio was 10:1. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation was found between N/P ratios regulated by nitrogen amendment and microbial growth, with nitrogen availability as the core driving factor. Moreover, both strains significantly reduced the total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) content in soil at an N/P ratio of 20:1. This study enhances our understanding of the microbial degradation mechanisms of RA and provides a scientific basis for optimizing microbial remediation of heavy fractions in crude oil-contaminated soils via nutrient regulation.