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<p>Selenium (Se) is a vital trace element for humans and animals, with imbalances—deficiency or excess—leading to various health issues. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCMs), an essential aspect of China's cultural heritage, is closely linked to Se. Although research on Se's role in TCMs has been growing, a comprehensive review has yet to be done. This study critically reviews Se distribution in China's soil and its impact on TCMs and health outcomes. Data from over 216,771 soil samples collected across 30 provinces reveal that Se levels range from 0.27 to 27.81 mg/kg, with an average of 0.65 mg/kg, showing significant regional variation. The lowest Se levels are found primarily in Tibet, Qinghai, Ningxia, and Inner Mongolia, where Se deficiency-related diseases, such as Keshan and Kashin-Beck, are prevalent. On the other hand, some regions exhibit excessively high Se concentrations, posing risks of Se toxicity and selenosis. Notably, areas like Enshi in Hubei (17.20 mg/kg), Ziyang in Shaanxi (9.66 mg/kg), Ningguo in Anhui (3.71 mg/kg), and several locations in Guizhou (2.91 mg/kg) have high soil Se levels. This review also explores the effects of Se-containing TCMs on human and animal health, as these remedies have been used for centuries in China. It further examines how environmental factors influence Se levels in TCMs and their composition. Additionally, the study addresses the challenges and prospects of Se-containing TCMs. This review aims to enhance the understanding of Se-related health issues in China, including endemic diseases and toxicity, and to improve their management.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Environmental Impacts of Selenium in Chinese Soil on Traditional Chinese Medicinal Plants and Human Health

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月18日

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  • Ying Pan,
  • Waqar Ali,
  • Muhammad Shafeeque,
  • Kang Mao,
  • Wei Li,
  • Hua Zhang

摘要

Selenium (Se) is a vital trace element for humans and animals, with imbalances—deficiency or excess—leading to various health issues. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCMs), an essential aspect of China's cultural heritage, is closely linked to Se. Although research on Se's role in TCMs has been growing, a comprehensive review has yet to be done. This study critically reviews Se distribution in China's soil and its impact on TCMs and health outcomes. Data from over 216,771 soil samples collected across 30 provinces reveal that Se levels range from 0.27 to 27.81 mg/kg, with an average of 0.65 mg/kg, showing significant regional variation. The lowest Se levels are found primarily in Tibet, Qinghai, Ningxia, and Inner Mongolia, where Se deficiency-related diseases, such as Keshan and Kashin-Beck, are prevalent. On the other hand, some regions exhibit excessively high Se concentrations, posing risks of Se toxicity and selenosis. Notably, areas like Enshi in Hubei (17.20 mg/kg), Ziyang in Shaanxi (9.66 mg/kg), Ningguo in Anhui (3.71 mg/kg), and several locations in Guizhou (2.91 mg/kg) have high soil Se levels. This review also explores the effects of Se-containing TCMs on human and animal health, as these remedies have been used for centuries in China. It further examines how environmental factors influence Se levels in TCMs and their composition. Additionally, the study addresses the challenges and prospects of Se-containing TCMs. This review aims to enhance the understanding of Se-related health issues in China, including endemic diseases and toxicity, and to improve their management.

Graphical Abstract