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<p>The valorization of industrial solid waste into functional materials for environmental remediation represents a critical pathway towards a circular economy. However, developing a single, low-cost material that can effectively remediate heavy metal contaminants across both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems remains a significant challenge. Here, we report the one-step pyrolysis (at 550&#xa0;°C) synthesis of a novel ternary composite from iron mine tailings (IT), biochar (BC), and tourmaline (BT) at an optimized mass ratio of 1:4:1. The resulting IT-BC-BT composite exhibits a hierarchical porous structure with a specific surface area of 187.56 m<sup>2</sup>/g (a 68.4-fold increase over raw tailings). In aqueous environments, it demonstrated exceptional performance, achieving a theoretical maximum Cd(II) adsorption capacity of 41.52&#xa0;mg/g, predominantly governed by a chemisorption-driven pseudo-second-order kinetic mechanism. Furthermore, in a 90-day soil incubation experiment, the 4% (w/w) composite application effectively immobilized Cd by significantly elevating soil pH and organic matter, leading to a dramatic 88.91% reduction in its leaching potential and driving a 20.9% increase in the stable residual fraction of Cd. When applied to a 60-day plant-soil system, the composite worked synergistically with <i>Chrysopogon zizanioides</i>, remarkably increasing shoot and root biomass by 89.9% and 57.8%, respectively, while restricting root-to-shoot Cd translocation (translocation factor &lt; 1). Ultimately, these quantitative findings demonstrate a powerful waste-valorization strategy, transforming a problematic industrial byproduct into a robust, multi-platform material for sustainable pollution control.</p>

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One-Step Pyrolysis Synthesis of a Novel Iron Tailing/Biochar/Tourmaline Ternary Composite for Enhanced Sequestration of Cadmium from Aqueous Solution and Contaminated Soil

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月2日

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  • Wei Feng,
  • Jing Lei,
  • Hongli Diao,
  • Shibin Xia

摘要

The valorization of industrial solid waste into functional materials for environmental remediation represents a critical pathway towards a circular economy. However, developing a single, low-cost material that can effectively remediate heavy metal contaminants across both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems remains a significant challenge. Here, we report the one-step pyrolysis (at 550 °C) synthesis of a novel ternary composite from iron mine tailings (IT), biochar (BC), and tourmaline (BT) at an optimized mass ratio of 1:4:1. The resulting IT-BC-BT composite exhibits a hierarchical porous structure with a specific surface area of 187.56 m2/g (a 68.4-fold increase over raw tailings). In aqueous environments, it demonstrated exceptional performance, achieving a theoretical maximum Cd(II) adsorption capacity of 41.52 mg/g, predominantly governed by a chemisorption-driven pseudo-second-order kinetic mechanism. Furthermore, in a 90-day soil incubation experiment, the 4% (w/w) composite application effectively immobilized Cd by significantly elevating soil pH and organic matter, leading to a dramatic 88.91% reduction in its leaching potential and driving a 20.9% increase in the stable residual fraction of Cd. When applied to a 60-day plant-soil system, the composite worked synergistically with Chrysopogon zizanioides, remarkably increasing shoot and root biomass by 89.9% and 57.8%, respectively, while restricting root-to-shoot Cd translocation (translocation factor < 1). Ultimately, these quantitative findings demonstrate a powerful waste-valorization strategy, transforming a problematic industrial byproduct into a robust, multi-platform material for sustainable pollution control.