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<p>Wet air oxidation (WAO) can achieve high removal efficiencies for organic pollutants in wastewater, but it is energy intensive because high temperatures and pressures must be maintained. The high specific heat capacity of wastewater and the pressure required to raise its temperature are key factors limiting the broad deployment of WAO. Here we propose an energy-saving WAO process that exploits the fact that air can be heated to high temperatures without pressure constraints. In this process, hot air is bubbled through wastewater, and organic pollutants are degraded at the high-temperature water film formed on the bubble surface in a Hot Air Bubble Reactor (HABR). HABR removed 80.7% of methylene blue at an inlet temperature of 300&#xa0;°C with a bubble diameter of 95–135&#xa0;µm, pH 3, and an inlet gas flow rate of 7 L min<sup>−1</sup>. Scavenger tests and electron spin resonance measurements indicate that the reactive oxygen species generated during contact oxidation at the bubble-surface water film include ·OH, ·O<sub>2-</sub>, and <sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub>, with ·OH as the dominant species. Under optimized conditions, HABR achieved degradation efficiencies of 83.2%, 75.7%, 60.4%, 63.4%, and 41.5% for methyl orange, ciprofloxacin, thiamethoxam, sulfamethoxazole, and aniline, respectively, within 60&#xa0;min. Overall, HABR enables efficient removal of a range of organic pollutants under less stringent operating conditions than conventional WAO, highlighting its potential for practical wastewater treatment.</p>

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Efficacy and Mechanism of Organic Contaminants Degradation by Bubbles at High-Temperature Gas–Liquid Interface

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月1日

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  • Mingze Dong,
  • Bochuang Huang,
  • Fuqiang Li,
  • Xiancan Zeng,
  • Wei Fang,
  • Jianyu Chen,
  • Qijin Luo,
  • Siyang Li

摘要

Wet air oxidation (WAO) can achieve high removal efficiencies for organic pollutants in wastewater, but it is energy intensive because high temperatures and pressures must be maintained. The high specific heat capacity of wastewater and the pressure required to raise its temperature are key factors limiting the broad deployment of WAO. Here we propose an energy-saving WAO process that exploits the fact that air can be heated to high temperatures without pressure constraints. In this process, hot air is bubbled through wastewater, and organic pollutants are degraded at the high-temperature water film formed on the bubble surface in a Hot Air Bubble Reactor (HABR). HABR removed 80.7% of methylene blue at an inlet temperature of 300 °C with a bubble diameter of 95–135 µm, pH 3, and an inlet gas flow rate of 7 L min−1. Scavenger tests and electron spin resonance measurements indicate that the reactive oxygen species generated during contact oxidation at the bubble-surface water film include ·OH, ·O2-, and 1O2, with ·OH as the dominant species. Under optimized conditions, HABR achieved degradation efficiencies of 83.2%, 75.7%, 60.4%, 63.4%, and 41.5% for methyl orange, ciprofloxacin, thiamethoxam, sulfamethoxazole, and aniline, respectively, within 60 min. Overall, HABR enables efficient removal of a range of organic pollutants under less stringent operating conditions than conventional WAO, highlighting its potential for practical wastewater treatment.