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<p>Oxytetracycline (OTC) is frequently detected in wastewater and aquatic environments, posing concerns for water quality and representing an emerging pollutant in aquatic systems. In this study, commercial TiO<sub>2</sub> was simply modified with multivalent metals (M/TiO<sub>2</sub>) to enhance photocatalytic degradation and transformation behavior of OTC under ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation. Comprehensive characterizations (i.e., XRD, SEM, BET, UV–Vis DRS, PL, EIS, and CV) confirmed successful Fe incorporation, improved light absorption, and enhanced charge separation. Among the tested metals, Fe/TiO<sub>2</sub> with a Fe:TiO<sub>2</sub> molar ratio of 5% showed the greatest improvement, achieving 96.52% OTC (10&#xa0;ppm) removal within 150&#xa0;min at unadjusted pH 4.8, a Fe/TiO<sub>2</sub> dosage of 300&#xa0;mg/L, continuous aeration, and with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> addition (100&#xa0;ppm), significantly outperforming bare TiO<sub>2</sub>. Reactive oxygen species quenching experiments indicated hydroxyl radicals and photogenerated holes as the dominant contributors, allowing the degradation mechanism and pathway to be proposed. Mineralization and potential environmental implications associated with transformation products were assessed via TOC analysis, antibacterial assays against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i>, and ECOSAR predictions, demonstrating reduced ecological risks associated with intermediates. Overall, this facile Fe modification strategy represents a sustainable, cost-effective, and scalable photocatalytic approach for mitigating antibiotic pollution in water environments, offering strong potential for practical wastewater treatment and environmental protection.</p>

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UVA-Assisted Photocatalytic Degradation of Oxytetracycline in Water using Fe-Impregnated TiO2: Process Performance and Environmental Implications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月31日

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  • Phan Thanh Lam,
  • Nguyen Thi Cam Tien,
  • Nguyen Hoang Hung,
  • Le Van Nam,
  • Nguyen Cam Hang,
  • Thai Van Anh,
  • Do Danh Bich,
  • Nguyen Thi Thuy,
  • Tran Quoc Thao,
  • Nguyen Nhat Huy

摘要

Oxytetracycline (OTC) is frequently detected in wastewater and aquatic environments, posing concerns for water quality and representing an emerging pollutant in aquatic systems. In this study, commercial TiO2 was simply modified with multivalent metals (M/TiO2) to enhance photocatalytic degradation and transformation behavior of OTC under ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation. Comprehensive characterizations (i.e., XRD, SEM, BET, UV–Vis DRS, PL, EIS, and CV) confirmed successful Fe incorporation, improved light absorption, and enhanced charge separation. Among the tested metals, Fe/TiO2 with a Fe:TiO2 molar ratio of 5% showed the greatest improvement, achieving 96.52% OTC (10 ppm) removal within 150 min at unadjusted pH 4.8, a Fe/TiO2 dosage of 300 mg/L, continuous aeration, and with H2O2 addition (100 ppm), significantly outperforming bare TiO2. Reactive oxygen species quenching experiments indicated hydroxyl radicals and photogenerated holes as the dominant contributors, allowing the degradation mechanism and pathway to be proposed. Mineralization and potential environmental implications associated with transformation products were assessed via TOC analysis, antibacterial assays against E. coli and S. aureus, and ECOSAR predictions, demonstrating reduced ecological risks associated with intermediates. Overall, this facile Fe modification strategy represents a sustainable, cost-effective, and scalable photocatalytic approach for mitigating antibiotic pollution in water environments, offering strong potential for practical wastewater treatment and environmental protection.