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<p>Levofloxacin is a persistent antibiotic that is difficult to degrade by conventional methods. In this study, a ZnAl-LDH composite modified with <i>Garcinia mangostana</i> extract was synthesized via microwave-assisted coprecipitation. The incorporation of bioactive compounds into the LDH matrix was confirmed by XRD and FTIR Spectroscopy, while a heterogeneous surface morphology was revealed by SEM, and an increased specific surface area was indicated by BET analysis. Adsorption tests showed optimum removal at pH 5 after 60&#xa0;min, following pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Freundlich isotherm, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 119.048&#xa0;mg&#xa0;g⁻<sup>1</sup>. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic, and regeneration tests demonstrated stability up to three cycles. These results suggest that the ZnAl-LDH composite functionalized with <i>Garcinia mangostana</i> extract is a promising and environmentally friendly adsorbent for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment.</p>

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ZnAl Layered Double Hydroxide Functionalized with Garcinia mangostana Extract via Microwave-Assisted Synthesis for Levofloxacin Removal

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月25日

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  • Komis Komis,
  • Mardiyanto Mardiyanto,
  • Najma Annuria Fithri,
  • Yulizah Hanifah,
  • Aldes Lesbani

摘要

Levofloxacin is a persistent antibiotic that is difficult to degrade by conventional methods. In this study, a ZnAl-LDH composite modified with Garcinia mangostana extract was synthesized via microwave-assisted coprecipitation. The incorporation of bioactive compounds into the LDH matrix was confirmed by XRD and FTIR Spectroscopy, while a heterogeneous surface morphology was revealed by SEM, and an increased specific surface area was indicated by BET analysis. Adsorption tests showed optimum removal at pH 5 after 60 min, following pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Freundlich isotherm, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 119.048 mg g⁻1. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic, and regeneration tests demonstrated stability up to three cycles. These results suggest that the ZnAl-LDH composite functionalized with Garcinia mangostana extract is a promising and environmentally friendly adsorbent for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment.