<p>The widespread use of tetracycline (TC) has led to its accumulation in aquatic environments, posing risks of antibiotic resistance and ecological toxicity, necessitating efficient wastewater treatment solutions. While photocatalysis, particularly using TiO₂, has shown promise, its practical application is limited by low efficiency and rapid charge recombination. To overcome these challenges, this work developed a novel ternary TiO<sub>2</sub>@Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>/ZIF-67 (T@M/Z) heterojunction photocatalyst through a facile hydrothermal process. T@M/Z-18 composite demonstrated exceptional photocatalytic performance, achieving 92.52% of TC removal and 77.05% of total organic carbon (TOC) mineralization under visible light after 90&#xa0;min. Systematic studies optimized key operational parameters, revealing that a catalyst dosage of 0.5&#xa0;g/L and an initial TC concentration of 15&#xa0;mg/L yielded the highest degradation efficiency. The presence of anions (e.g., Cl<sup>−</sup> and SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2</sup>⁻) enhanced TC removal, while humic acid (HA) exhibited a dual role, acting as a photosensitizer at low concentrations but inhibiting degradation at higher levels. The catalyst maintained excellent stability and reusability, with only a slight decline in performance after five cycles. Degradation pathways, identified through high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS) analysis, involved hydroxylation and N-demethylation, leading to reduced acute toxicity. These results highlight the potential of T@M/Z as a sustainable and efficient solution for antibiotic-contaminated wastewater treatment.</p>

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Development of a Ternary Heterojunction Photocatalyst for Efficient Antibiotic Degradation

  • Bo Wang,
  • Yang Sun,
  • Lina Jiang,
  • Peng Zhou,
  • Ping Guo,
  • Xu Wang

摘要

The widespread use of tetracycline (TC) has led to its accumulation in aquatic environments, posing risks of antibiotic resistance and ecological toxicity, necessitating efficient wastewater treatment solutions. While photocatalysis, particularly using TiO₂, has shown promise, its practical application is limited by low efficiency and rapid charge recombination. To overcome these challenges, this work developed a novel ternary TiO2@Ti3C2/ZIF-67 (T@M/Z) heterojunction photocatalyst through a facile hydrothermal process. T@M/Z-18 composite demonstrated exceptional photocatalytic performance, achieving 92.52% of TC removal and 77.05% of total organic carbon (TOC) mineralization under visible light after 90 min. Systematic studies optimized key operational parameters, revealing that a catalyst dosage of 0.5 g/L and an initial TC concentration of 15 mg/L yielded the highest degradation efficiency. The presence of anions (e.g., Cl and SO42⁻) enhanced TC removal, while humic acid (HA) exhibited a dual role, acting as a photosensitizer at low concentrations but inhibiting degradation at higher levels. The catalyst maintained excellent stability and reusability, with only a slight decline in performance after five cycles. Degradation pathways, identified through high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS) analysis, involved hydroxylation and N-demethylation, leading to reduced acute toxicity. These results highlight the potential of T@M/Z as a sustainable and efficient solution for antibiotic-contaminated wastewater treatment.