<p>It is important for snowmelt runoff pollution management to recognize the snow pollution characteristics from different underlying surfaces. The underlying surfaces are categorized into five main groups in this study: residential communities, parks, squares, urban roads, and snow dump sites, sampling process was followed a five-point sampling method, to investigate the natural and deposited snow pollution characteristics, the results showed that the land type has an important effect on snow pollution, the deposited snow in urban road and snow dump sites were polluted more seriously. Significant correlation among different pollutants was also founded: chloride ions (Cl⁻) serve as a biomarker for the use of deicing agents, and their peak concentration are significantly positively correlated with total phosphorus (TP), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), as well as various pollutants such as copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn), indicating the synergistic input mechanism of snow melting activity with nutrients, oxygen consuming substances, and some heavy metal pollution. The dissolved organic matter (DOM) is influenced by both endogenous and terrestrial inputs, with endogenous contributions being more prominent. This provides a new perspective for understanding the biogeochemical processes of organic pollutants in urban environments, and also provides important basis for accurately identifying pollution sources and developing collaborative control strategies.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>