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<p>Global soil tellurium (Te)&#xa0;contamination requires&#xa0;effective and&#xa0;economical solutions for&#xa0;food safety. This research presents results from the pot trial aimed at investigating the interactive impacts of nano-biochar (NB) (NB1: 0, NB2: 1 and NB3: 2%), foliar nano-silicon&#xa0;(NS) (NS1: 0, NS2: 0.25 and NS3: 0.50&#xa0;mM)&#xa0;and WM (water management) (WM1: 70% WHC and WM2: continually flooding) on tellurium impacts on microbial communities and&#xa0;wheat&#xa0;plants in Te-polluted&#xa0;soil (0.89&#xa0;mg/kg total Te) and linked health risks. During milking stage, NB3WM2 interaction significantly affected SPAD, resulting in an&#xa0;8.39% increase relative to NB1WM1. The assessed yield characteristics were markedly influenced by main&#xa0;impacts of WM, NB and NS, with NB2 and NB3, NS2 and NS3, and WM2 exhibiting elevated values compared to NB1, NS1 and WM1. Comparable outcomes were noted for bioavailable Te&#xa0;levels; nevertheless, NS&#xa0;exhibited no significant impact. The NB3NS3WM2 interaction markedly elevated SOD by 89.87%, whereas NB2NS3WM2 interaction demonstrated most substantial decreases in MDA and H₂O₂ (58.01%) and&#xa0;(30.14%) compared to NB1NS1WM1. NB2NS3WM2 interaction led to a 96% decrease in grain Te&#xa0;level&#xa0;relative to NB1NS1WM1 and improved bacterial Chao1,&#xa0;ACE&#xa0;and Shannon metrics, and fungal Chao1 and&#xa0;ACE&#xa0;metrics. Ultimately, NB1BS1WM1&#xa0;interaction exhibited maximum health risk index of 0.170 and&#xa0;daily intake&#xa0;of 1.70E-03, whereas NB2NS3WM2 interaction demonstrated&#xa0;lowest daily intake&#xa0;of 9.10E-07&#xa0;and health risk index&#xa0;of 0.009. Our findings indicate that utilization of NB2NS3WM2 can markedly reduce Te&#xa0;concentration and&#xa0;absorption&#xa0;in wheat, alleviate health risks, and improve soil microbial ecosystem.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Role of Nano-Silicon, Nano-Biochar, and Irrigation Strategies in Managing Tellurium Toxicity: Implications for Soil Microbiota, Wheat Yield, and Food Safety

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月27日

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  • Ghulam Murtaza,
  • Muhammad Usman,
  • Muhammad Azam,
  • Muhammad Rizwan,
  • Zeeshan Ahmed,
  • Rehman Habib,
  • Javed Iqbal,
  • Gamal Awad El-Shaboury,
  • Sajad Ali,
  • Rashid Iqbal

摘要

Global soil tellurium (Te) contamination requires effective and economical solutions for food safety. This research presents results from the pot trial aimed at investigating the interactive impacts of nano-biochar (NB) (NB1: 0, NB2: 1 and NB3: 2%), foliar nano-silicon (NS) (NS1: 0, NS2: 0.25 and NS3: 0.50 mM) and WM (water management) (WM1: 70% WHC and WM2: continually flooding) on tellurium impacts on microbial communities and wheat plants in Te-polluted soil (0.89 mg/kg total Te) and linked health risks. During milking stage, NB3WM2 interaction significantly affected SPAD, resulting in an 8.39% increase relative to NB1WM1. The assessed yield characteristics were markedly influenced by main impacts of WM, NB and NS, with NB2 and NB3, NS2 and NS3, and WM2 exhibiting elevated values compared to NB1, NS1 and WM1. Comparable outcomes were noted for bioavailable Te levels; nevertheless, NS exhibited no significant impact. The NB3NS3WM2 interaction markedly elevated SOD by 89.87%, whereas NB2NS3WM2 interaction demonstrated most substantial decreases in MDA and H₂O₂ (58.01%) and (30.14%) compared to NB1NS1WM1. NB2NS3WM2 interaction led to a 96% decrease in grain Te level relative to NB1NS1WM1 and improved bacterial Chao1, ACE and Shannon metrics, and fungal Chao1 and ACE metrics. Ultimately, NB1BS1WM1 interaction exhibited maximum health risk index of 0.170 and daily intake of 1.70E-03, whereas NB2NS3WM2 interaction demonstrated lowest daily intake of 9.10E-07 and health risk index of 0.009. Our findings indicate that utilization of NB2NS3WM2 can markedly reduce Te concentration and absorption in wheat, alleviate health risks, and improve soil microbial ecosystem.

Graphical Abstract