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<p>To address the issues of prolonged composting cycles and frequent nutrient loss in traditional aerobic composting, the effects of cotton-stalk biochar addition (0% [CK], 3% [BC1], 6% [BC2], and 9% [BC3]) on the physicochemical properties and nutrient evolution of pig manure during composting were investigated using rice straw as a conditioner. Furthermore, underlying mechanisms were analyzed based on the microstructure of cotton-stalk biochar and surface properties of compost. The results showed that the biochar-treated groups entered the thermophilic phase 2&#xa0;days earlier than CK, prolonging the period of high temperature. The temperature of BC3 group was always higher than that of other treatment groups. Cotton-stalk biochar improved moisture retention in compost, reduced salinization risk of compost, and enhanced the germination index (GI) of seeds, with BC3 group showing optimal performance. However, the addition of cotton-stalk biochar had little effect on the pH of pig manure. After composting, organic matter contents in CK, BC1, BC2, and BC3 were 56.60%, 58.42%, 62.63%, and 62.63%, respectively. Compared with the initial values, total nitrogen contents increased by 4.8%, 20.6%, 26.0%, and 23.8%, while NO₃⁻-N contents increased by 82.8%, 66.4%, 71.2%, and 85.7%, respectively. Similarly, total potassium contents increased by 44.6%, 70.5%, 78.7%, and 80.5%, while total phosphorus contents improved by 35.2%, 45.7%, 50.4%, and 52.9%, respectively. These results indicate that cotton-stalk biochar accelerated compost maturation and enhanced nutrient retention, while exhibiting minimal effect on the pH of compost, with BC3 achieving optimal composting efficiency. This study provides experimental data and theoretical support to optimize aerobic composting of livestock manure in Southern Xinjiang in China.</p>

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Effects of Cotton-Stalk Biochar Addition on Nutrient Evolution During Aerobic Composting of Pig Manure

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月26日

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  • Lingling Chen,
  • Xiaoyun Lian,
  • Hongmei Zhang,
  • Deguo Kong,
  • Ling Zhou,
  • Suan Shi,
  • Gan Yang,
  • Lintao Zeng,
  • Minghang Cheng

摘要

To address the issues of prolonged composting cycles and frequent nutrient loss in traditional aerobic composting, the effects of cotton-stalk biochar addition (0% [CK], 3% [BC1], 6% [BC2], and 9% [BC3]) on the physicochemical properties and nutrient evolution of pig manure during composting were investigated using rice straw as a conditioner. Furthermore, underlying mechanisms were analyzed based on the microstructure of cotton-stalk biochar and surface properties of compost. The results showed that the biochar-treated groups entered the thermophilic phase 2 days earlier than CK, prolonging the period of high temperature. The temperature of BC3 group was always higher than that of other treatment groups. Cotton-stalk biochar improved moisture retention in compost, reduced salinization risk of compost, and enhanced the germination index (GI) of seeds, with BC3 group showing optimal performance. However, the addition of cotton-stalk biochar had little effect on the pH of pig manure. After composting, organic matter contents in CK, BC1, BC2, and BC3 were 56.60%, 58.42%, 62.63%, and 62.63%, respectively. Compared with the initial values, total nitrogen contents increased by 4.8%, 20.6%, 26.0%, and 23.8%, while NO₃⁻-N contents increased by 82.8%, 66.4%, 71.2%, and 85.7%, respectively. Similarly, total potassium contents increased by 44.6%, 70.5%, 78.7%, and 80.5%, while total phosphorus contents improved by 35.2%, 45.7%, 50.4%, and 52.9%, respectively. These results indicate that cotton-stalk biochar accelerated compost maturation and enhanced nutrient retention, while exhibiting minimal effect on the pH of compost, with BC3 achieving optimal composting efficiency. This study provides experimental data and theoretical support to optimize aerobic composting of livestock manure in Southern Xinjiang in China.