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<p>Excessive nitrogen discharge into the environment causes water eutrophication and threatens human health, making efficient N removal from wastewater crucial. This study investigates the nitrogen removal performance of sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) by varying cycle times (12 h, 8 h and 6 h). Using synthetic wastewater simulating domestic sewage, SBBR reactors were operated with K3 fillers, controlled dissolved oxygen (DO) (6–7&#xa0;mg/L), and temperature (22&#xa0;°C). Results showed that at an 8&#xa0;h cycle, SBBR achieved high removal rates of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N), with efficiencies of 97.22% for COD, 93.51% for NH<sub>4</sub>⁺-N, and 90.46% for TN. Microbial community analysis via metagenomic sequencing indicated that the dominant bacteria, such as <i>Pseudomonadota</i>, <i>Bacteroidota</i>, <i>Acidobacteriota</i> and <i>Chloroflexota</i>, and the key genus, such as <i>Pseudomonas</i>, <i>Nitrospira</i> and <i>Thauera</i>, have enhanced nitrogen removal performance. At the same time, the nitrogen metabolism pathways were analyzed, identifying functional genes including amoAB, hao, nxrAB, narGHI, and nosZ. These findings lay a foundation for optimizing SBBR for efficient wastewater treatment.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Impacts of Cycle Time on N Removal Performance, Microbial Community and N Cycling Pathways in Domestic Wastewater Treated by Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor (SBBR)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月21日

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  • Shuli Liu,
  • Yuhong Zhang,
  • Miao Zhou,
  • Yatong Gao,
  • Xiaohong Han,
  • Glen T. Daigger,
  • Jia Kang,
  • Xiane Zhang

摘要

Excessive nitrogen discharge into the environment causes water eutrophication and threatens human health, making efficient N removal from wastewater crucial. This study investigates the nitrogen removal performance of sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) by varying cycle times (12 h, 8 h and 6 h). Using synthetic wastewater simulating domestic sewage, SBBR reactors were operated with K3 fillers, controlled dissolved oxygen (DO) (6–7 mg/L), and temperature (22 °C). Results showed that at an 8 h cycle, SBBR achieved high removal rates of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N), with efficiencies of 97.22% for COD, 93.51% for NH4⁺-N, and 90.46% for TN. Microbial community analysis via metagenomic sequencing indicated that the dominant bacteria, such as Pseudomonadota, Bacteroidota, Acidobacteriota and Chloroflexota, and the key genus, such as Pseudomonas, Nitrospira and Thauera, have enhanced nitrogen removal performance. At the same time, the nitrogen metabolism pathways were analyzed, identifying functional genes including amoAB, hao, nxrAB, narGHI, and nosZ. These findings lay a foundation for optimizing SBBR for efficient wastewater treatment.

Graphical Abstract