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<p>Bay habitats, which are economically and ecologically important, are more vulnerable to nutrients, heavy metals, and microbial diversity than other marine ecosystems. This research aims to investigate intertidal sediment distribution and microbial diversity. This study evaluated sediment particle size, water content, loss on ignition (LOI), acid volatile sulfide (AVS), total organic carbon (TOC), heavy metals, and microbial diversity in twelve samples from&#xa0;Asan Bay. The results demonstrate that the relative amount of&#xa0;clay decreased from the&#xa0;inner to outer zone, sand increased, and the&#xa0;island zone had only sand in the sediment. Water content, LOI, TOC, and AVS conc. decrease from inner to middle to outer to island zones. Heavy metals were more abundant in finer sediments than sandy sediments. The order of metal concentrations&#xa0;observed as:&#xa0;Zn &gt; Cr &gt; Li &gt; Pb &gt; Ni &gt; Cu &gt; As &gt; Al &gt; Fe &gt; Cd &gt; Hg. Pseudomonadota predominated, followed by Thermodesulfobacteriota and Bacteroidota. Thermodesulfobacteriota was more abundant in low tidal flat sediments and decreased from inner zone to island zone sediments, whereas Chloroflexota decreased from low to mid and high tidal flats. The principal component analysis and Pearson’s correlation analysis indicates the correlation between sediment texture, TOC, AVS, heavy metals, and microbial diversity. More study on sediment environmental variables and nutrients is needed to understand microbial diversity. This study presents the&#xa0;first data on the diversity of microorganisms in Asan Bay's intertidal sediments. The results will be beneficial in future studies focused on coastal environmental research, as well as in predicting future spatiotemporal variations.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Spatial Variability of Sediment Composition and Microbial Diversity in Intertidal Zones of Asan Bay, South Korea

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月12日

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  • Maheshkumar Prakash Patil,
  • Hee-Eun Woo,
  • Sang Ock Ryu,
  • Young Sook Baek,
  • Ha Neul Oh,
  • Inseo Hwang,
  • Soo-Yeon CHO,
  • Ho Jin Bae,
  • Nur Indradewi Oktavitri,
  • Jong-Oh Kim,
  • Kyunghoi Kim

摘要

Bay habitats, which are economically and ecologically important, are more vulnerable to nutrients, heavy metals, and microbial diversity than other marine ecosystems. This research aims to investigate intertidal sediment distribution and microbial diversity. This study evaluated sediment particle size, water content, loss on ignition (LOI), acid volatile sulfide (AVS), total organic carbon (TOC), heavy metals, and microbial diversity in twelve samples from Asan Bay. The results demonstrate that the relative amount of clay decreased from the inner to outer zone, sand increased, and the island zone had only sand in the sediment. Water content, LOI, TOC, and AVS conc. decrease from inner to middle to outer to island zones. Heavy metals were more abundant in finer sediments than sandy sediments. The order of metal concentrations observed as: Zn > Cr > Li > Pb > Ni > Cu > As > Al > Fe > Cd > Hg. Pseudomonadota predominated, followed by Thermodesulfobacteriota and Bacteroidota. Thermodesulfobacteriota was more abundant in low tidal flat sediments and decreased from inner zone to island zone sediments, whereas Chloroflexota decreased from low to mid and high tidal flats. The principal component analysis and Pearson’s correlation analysis indicates the correlation between sediment texture, TOC, AVS, heavy metals, and microbial diversity. More study on sediment environmental variables and nutrients is needed to understand microbial diversity. This study presents the first data on the diversity of microorganisms in Asan Bay's intertidal sediments. The results will be beneficial in future studies focused on coastal environmental research, as well as in predicting future spatiotemporal variations.

Graphical Abstract