<p>The contamination of water bodies due to textile effluents, particularly those containing reactive dyes, poses a significant environmental and public health threat. This study investigates the effectiveness of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), specifically UV and gamma radiation, in combination with H₂O₂ (1-3%), for detoxifying aqueous solutions of Reactive Blue 4 dye. The AOPs employed in this work show remarkable potential in degrading the dye and mitigating its associated toxicity. By utilizing a series of bioassays—<i>A. cepa</i>, brine shrimp, hemolytic, and Ames tests—the research assesses the reduction in mutagenicity, cytotoxicity, and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Results indicate that the UV/H₂O₂ and gamma/H₂O₂ treatments are highly effective, achieving over 90% degradation and significantly reducing COD. In particular, gamma radiation combined with H₂O₂ proved to be superior, demonstrating the highest removal efficiencies and considerably lowering the mutagenic potential of the dye. Statistical tools such as Response Surface Methodology (RSM) were employed to optimize the parameters for both processes, revealing optimal UV exposure times, H₂O₂ concentrations, and gamma absorbed doses. This study not only highlights the effectiveness of UV and gamma radiation in treating textile effluents but also emphasizes the practical applicability of these methods in reducing the environmental impact of toxic dyes in industrial wastewater. Further research, focusing on identifying radiolytic by-products through advanced spectroscopic techniques, will provide deeper insights into the degradation pathways and enhance the sustainability of these treatments</p>