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<p>In the frame of aerobic granular sludge systems, finding a simple and efficient continuous-flow reactor is crucial to reduce costs and enhance the treatment efficiency. An optimal continuous-flow design must be able to operate at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs) to ensure effluent quality, maintaining the granular stability. This research evaluates the effect of HRT on operational parameters, performance, biomass characteristics and microbial dynamics of a novel single-chamber continuous-flow reactor for aerobic granular sludge technology to assess the feasibility of this compact design for full-scale implementation. For that, four bioreactors were operated under 8, 6, 4 and 2&#xa0;h of HRT. Results revealed that the bioreactor operated at 2&#xa0;h of HRT reached around 60% of organic matter removal. Bioreactors operated at 8, 6 and 4&#xa0;h of HRT achieved stable granules and a higher removal performance of organic matter (close to 90% of biological oxygen demand at day 5). However, the most environmentally effective HRT was 4&#xa0;h, featuring the optimal granular stability, allowing the treatment of larger volume of water in shorter time. Microbial communities were modulated according to the operational conditions. <i>Hypocreales</i>, <i>Spirosomaceae</i> and <i>Brevundimonas</i> were ubiquitous in all bioreactors. The family <i>Chitinophagaceae</i> formed the microbial core of granules from bioreactors with optimal performance. The bioreactor operated at the shortest HRT exhibited the highest changes in microbial dynamics. This study revealed the competitiveness of the novel design due to its performance and granular stability maintenance under different HRTs.</p>

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Impact of Hydraulic Retention Time on a Novel Single-Chamber Aerobic Granular Sludge Continuous-Flow Reactor Treating Wastewater: Physicochemical and Microbial Characterisation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月9日

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  • Aurora Rosa-Masegosa,
  • Jesus Gonzalez-Lopez,
  • Alejandro Gonzalez-Martinez,
  • Barbara Muñoz-Palazon

摘要

In the frame of aerobic granular sludge systems, finding a simple and efficient continuous-flow reactor is crucial to reduce costs and enhance the treatment efficiency. An optimal continuous-flow design must be able to operate at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs) to ensure effluent quality, maintaining the granular stability. This research evaluates the effect of HRT on operational parameters, performance, biomass characteristics and microbial dynamics of a novel single-chamber continuous-flow reactor for aerobic granular sludge technology to assess the feasibility of this compact design for full-scale implementation. For that, four bioreactors were operated under 8, 6, 4 and 2 h of HRT. Results revealed that the bioreactor operated at 2 h of HRT reached around 60% of organic matter removal. Bioreactors operated at 8, 6 and 4 h of HRT achieved stable granules and a higher removal performance of organic matter (close to 90% of biological oxygen demand at day 5). However, the most environmentally effective HRT was 4 h, featuring the optimal granular stability, allowing the treatment of larger volume of water in shorter time. Microbial communities were modulated according to the operational conditions. Hypocreales, Spirosomaceae and Brevundimonas were ubiquitous in all bioreactors. The family Chitinophagaceae formed the microbial core of granules from bioreactors with optimal performance. The bioreactor operated at the shortest HRT exhibited the highest changes in microbial dynamics. This study revealed the competitiveness of the novel design due to its performance and granular stability maintenance under different HRTs.