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<p>Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were chemically modified and characterized Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to evaluate their structural and surface properties. The adsorption potential of the modified MWCNTs was assessed using Pb(II), Cd(II), and V(V) ions as target contaminants in oil wastewater. In batch adsorption experiments, the optimum adsorbent dosage, pH, and contact time were obtained to be 2.0 g, pH 7.0 and 30 min, respectively. Equilibrium data were analyzed using both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, with the Langmuir model providing a superior fit, indicating monolayer adsorption on a homogeneous surface. Kinetic modeling revealed that adsorption followed a pseudo-second-order mechanism, suggesting chemisorption as the rate-controlling step. Thermodynamic analysis indicated increasingly negative ΔG values over the temperature range 25–45 °C, with slight decreases in ΔH° and ΔS° and a reduction in Eₐ, indicating enhanced spontaneity and adsorption efficiency at higher temperatures. Moreover, regeneration studies demonstrated promising reusability of the adsorbent over multiple adsorption–desorption cycles, highlighting its potential for practical wastewater-treatment applications.</p>

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Modified Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes as an Effective Adsorbent for the Removal of Toxic Elements from Oil Wastewater

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月17日

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  • Amir Hossein Manavi,
  • Mehrdad Cheraghi,
  • Ali Mehdinia,
  • Bahareh Lorestani,
  • Soheil Sobhanardakani

摘要

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were chemically modified and characterized Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to evaluate their structural and surface properties. The adsorption potential of the modified MWCNTs was assessed using Pb(II), Cd(II), and V(V) ions as target contaminants in oil wastewater. In batch adsorption experiments, the optimum adsorbent dosage, pH, and contact time were obtained to be 2.0 g, pH 7.0 and 30 min, respectively. Equilibrium data were analyzed using both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, with the Langmuir model providing a superior fit, indicating monolayer adsorption on a homogeneous surface. Kinetic modeling revealed that adsorption followed a pseudo-second-order mechanism, suggesting chemisorption as the rate-controlling step. Thermodynamic analysis indicated increasingly negative ΔG values over the temperature range 25–45 °C, with slight decreases in ΔH° and ΔS° and a reduction in Eₐ, indicating enhanced spontaneity and adsorption efficiency at higher temperatures. Moreover, regeneration studies demonstrated promising reusability of the adsorbent over multiple adsorption–desorption cycles, highlighting its potential for practical wastewater-treatment applications.