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<p>The eutrophication of coastal waters is a primary environmental concern worldwide, with severe implications for marine biodiversity and ecosystem services. Effective monitoring and assessment of eutrophication are crucial for the sustainable management of coastal zones. However, traditional methods often fail in terms of accuracy and scalability. This study introduces a novel integrated methodology for evaluating eutrophication by combining statistical modeling, trophic indices, and Geographic Information System (GIS) tools. This methodology was applied over 12&#xa0;months to assess the eutrophication status of Saïdia Bay, Morocco, a region of significant ecological and economic importance. Monthly water samples were collected from eight stations, and 13 water quality parameters were measured, including chlorophyll <i>a</i>, nutrients, and dissolved oxygen. Statistical techniques such as Principal Component Analysis, Cluster Analysis), and Factor Analysis were employed to identify the primary water quality parameters and categorize the stations based on pollution levels. Trophic indices, including the Eutrophication Index (EI), Carlson Trophic State Index (TSI), and Trophic Index (TRIX), were calculated and visualized using GIS-based modeling. The findings revealed that Saïdia Bay is currently in “Good” ecological condition according to the EI, with both Carlson TSI (&lt; 47) and TRIX (2–4) classifying it as “Oligotrophic,” with seasonal variations reflecting localized mesotrophic conditions in autumn. This integrated approach represents a significant advancement in coastal water quality monitoring, provides a robust framework for assessing eutrophication, and supports targeted management strategies. This methodology is also transferable, offering a scalable model for eutrophication assessments in coastal regions worldwide.</p>

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A Novel Integrated Approach for the Assessment of Coastal Eutrophication Using Advanced Statistical Tools and GIS

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月20日

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  • Hamza Ngadi,
  • Mostafa Layachi,
  • Ghizlane Azizi,
  • Yassine E. L. Yousfi,
  • Hicham Gueddari,
  • Hamza Loukili,
  • Abderrahmane Rahhou,
  • Mohamed Chahban,
  • Shuraik Kader,
  • Edoardo Bertone,
  • Lizny Jaufer,
  • Gowhar Meraj,
  • Aqil Tariq,
  • Mansour Almazroui,
  • Abdelmajid Moumen

摘要

The eutrophication of coastal waters is a primary environmental concern worldwide, with severe implications for marine biodiversity and ecosystem services. Effective monitoring and assessment of eutrophication are crucial for the sustainable management of coastal zones. However, traditional methods often fail in terms of accuracy and scalability. This study introduces a novel integrated methodology for evaluating eutrophication by combining statistical modeling, trophic indices, and Geographic Information System (GIS) tools. This methodology was applied over 12 months to assess the eutrophication status of Saïdia Bay, Morocco, a region of significant ecological and economic importance. Monthly water samples were collected from eight stations, and 13 water quality parameters were measured, including chlorophyll a, nutrients, and dissolved oxygen. Statistical techniques such as Principal Component Analysis, Cluster Analysis), and Factor Analysis were employed to identify the primary water quality parameters and categorize the stations based on pollution levels. Trophic indices, including the Eutrophication Index (EI), Carlson Trophic State Index (TSI), and Trophic Index (TRIX), were calculated and visualized using GIS-based modeling. The findings revealed that Saïdia Bay is currently in “Good” ecological condition according to the EI, with both Carlson TSI (< 47) and TRIX (2–4) classifying it as “Oligotrophic,” with seasonal variations reflecting localized mesotrophic conditions in autumn. This integrated approach represents a significant advancement in coastal water quality monitoring, provides a robust framework for assessing eutrophication, and supports targeted management strategies. This methodology is also transferable, offering a scalable model for eutrophication assessments in coastal regions worldwide.