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<p>A field experiment was conducted and supervised to ascertain up to what extent exogenously applied thiamine and Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) singly or in mixture can ameliorate the detrimental arsenic (As) stress effects. As-stress levels (50 and 100&#xa0;ppm) at the vegetative growth stage of maize varieties (Akbar, Pearl) were applied. Four levels of foliar treatment i.e., non-spray (control), 250&#xa0;ppm of thiamine, 30&#xa0;µM of IAA and combination of thiamine + IAA were applied under As-stressed and non-stressed conditions after 15&#xa0;days of imposed As-stress. The results exposed a significant negative impact on growth, yield, and nutrient composition of grains in maize under As-stress. On the other hand, foliar spray application of thiamine and IAA significantly enhanced the growth, yield and nutrient composition of maize grains under As-stress as individual application and in combination. Combine application of IAA + thiamine improved seed proximate components, i.e., seed sugars (34.4, 34.3%), proteins (27.2, 21.15%), fiber (40.6, 21.97%), oil fat (26.6, 33.63%), moisture (%) (33.3, 28.57%), and starch (55.44, 30.09%); yield quantity i.e., 100 grain weight (67.47, 25.54%), grain yield/cob (19.29, 9.11%), cob length (62.09, 43.48%), and cob diameter (30.57, 21.75%), of variety Akbar and Pearl under arsenic stress dose of 100&#xa0;ppm. Conclusively, exogenous application of IAA and thiamine as foliar spray increased the proximate components and micro- and macronutrients of grains significantly that were associated with better chlorophyll, antioxidants, reduced lipid peroxidation, and efficient nutrient uptake and assimilation. The together treatments of IAA + thiamine under As-stress maximally enhanced the seed qualitative and quantitative traits more than individual treatments.</p>

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Thiamine and Indole-3-acetic Acid Mediated Detoxification of Arsenic in Maize to Improve Grain Proximate Components, Yield, and Nutrient Ingredients

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月10日

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  • Muhammad Atif,
  • Shagufta Perveen,
  • Farah Saeed,
  • Abida Parveen,
  • Sara Zafar,
  • Naeem Iqbal

摘要

A field experiment was conducted and supervised to ascertain up to what extent exogenously applied thiamine and Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) singly or in mixture can ameliorate the detrimental arsenic (As) stress effects. As-stress levels (50 and 100 ppm) at the vegetative growth stage of maize varieties (Akbar, Pearl) were applied. Four levels of foliar treatment i.e., non-spray (control), 250 ppm of thiamine, 30 µM of IAA and combination of thiamine + IAA were applied under As-stressed and non-stressed conditions after 15 days of imposed As-stress. The results exposed a significant negative impact on growth, yield, and nutrient composition of grains in maize under As-stress. On the other hand, foliar spray application of thiamine and IAA significantly enhanced the growth, yield and nutrient composition of maize grains under As-stress as individual application and in combination. Combine application of IAA + thiamine improved seed proximate components, i.e., seed sugars (34.4, 34.3%), proteins (27.2, 21.15%), fiber (40.6, 21.97%), oil fat (26.6, 33.63%), moisture (%) (33.3, 28.57%), and starch (55.44, 30.09%); yield quantity i.e., 100 grain weight (67.47, 25.54%), grain yield/cob (19.29, 9.11%), cob length (62.09, 43.48%), and cob diameter (30.57, 21.75%), of variety Akbar and Pearl under arsenic stress dose of 100 ppm. Conclusively, exogenous application of IAA and thiamine as foliar spray increased the proximate components and micro- and macronutrients of grains significantly that were associated with better chlorophyll, antioxidants, reduced lipid peroxidation, and efficient nutrient uptake and assimilation. The together treatments of IAA + thiamine under As-stress maximally enhanced the seed qualitative and quantitative traits more than individual treatments.