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<p>This study presents the development and electroanalytical application of a low-cost, sensitive, and environmentally friendly voltammetric sensor for the detection of carbendazim (CBZ) in surface water samples. The sensor is based on carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with faujasite zeolites (Fau) and faujasite functionalized with CTAB (Fau-CTAB). The insertion of zeolites as a modifier increases the effective area of the electrodes, raising the sensitivity of the system. The precision of the developed method shows satisfactory repeatability and reproducibility with respect to the obtained results. The analytical curve exhibits two linear regions, where the calculated detection and quantification limits are 0.0124&#xa0;µmol L<sup>−1</sup> and 0. 0377&#xa0;µmol L<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. In this sense, the proposed sensor is successfully applied to determine traces of CBZ in surface water samples from the Paraiba do Sul River, achieving recovery values ranging from 98.91 to 103.61%. Additionally, a theoretical model based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations is proposed to evaluate the interactions between CTAB and CBZ. This model provides theoretical insights that align with experimental observations, offering a clearer physical understanding of these interactions.</p>

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Synergistic Experimental and Theoretical Studies on Pesticide Detection in River samples Using Faujasite-CTAB Modified Carbon Paste Electrode

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月1日

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  • Cybelle C. C. M. Barbosa,
  • Barbara L. Ramos,
  • Elivelton A. Ferreira,
  • Rodrigo G. Amorim,
  • Ramon S. da Silva,
  • Rodrigo Della Noce,
  • Adriana E. de Carvalho,
  • Mendelssolm K. de Pietre

摘要

This study presents the development and electroanalytical application of a low-cost, sensitive, and environmentally friendly voltammetric sensor for the detection of carbendazim (CBZ) in surface water samples. The sensor is based on carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with faujasite zeolites (Fau) and faujasite functionalized with CTAB (Fau-CTAB). The insertion of zeolites as a modifier increases the effective area of the electrodes, raising the sensitivity of the system. The precision of the developed method shows satisfactory repeatability and reproducibility with respect to the obtained results. The analytical curve exhibits two linear regions, where the calculated detection and quantification limits are 0.0124 µmol L−1 and 0. 0377 µmol L−1, respectively. In this sense, the proposed sensor is successfully applied to determine traces of CBZ in surface water samples from the Paraiba do Sul River, achieving recovery values ranging from 98.91 to 103.61%. Additionally, a theoretical model based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations is proposed to evaluate the interactions between CTAB and CBZ. This model provides theoretical insights that align with experimental observations, offering a clearer physical understanding of these interactions.