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<p>In this study, TiO<sub>2</sub> has been immobilized onto fiberglass using the spray-coating technique to form a flexible composite. Chitosan was used as a binder to attach the TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles on the fiberglass strands, whereas the acids used to dissolve the chitosan were expected to induce an acidic microenvironment and act as hole scavengers. X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed that a 1&#xa0;μm thick TiO<sub>2</sub>-chitosan layer covered the fiberglass, forming composite strands with a diameter of 14.5&#xa0;μm. Infrared spectroscopy suggests that not all chitosan formed electrostatic interactions with formic acid and that some formic acid remained free. The composite made using formic acid (TiCF) had a higher activity for photoreduction of Cr(VI) aqueous solution than the composite made using acetic acid (TiCA). Formic acid concentration affects photoreduction, where the optimum concentration is 1&#xa0;M. The photoreduction decreases with increasing Cr(VI) initial concentration. The photoreduction activity reduced from 91 to 45% after five testing cycles. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed that Cr(VI) was photoreduced to Cr(III) hydroxide, which then adsorbed on the surface of the composite, contributing to its deactivation. When tested using continuous flow conditions, the composite reached a steady state removal of 29 and 46% at a residence time of 17 and 63&#xa0;min, respectively.</p>

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Chitosan-Bound TiO2-Fiberglass Composites for Continuous Cr(VI) Ion Photoreduction Using a Commercial UV-C Disinfection Unit

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月6日

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  • Saepurahman,
  • Chelsyatri Angelita,
  • Nurhasni,
  • Immanuel Nathanael Lumban Gaol,
  • Yuly Kusumawati,
  • Veinardi Suendo,
  • Rino Rakhmata Mukti,
  • Kiky Cornelisari Sembiring

摘要

In this study, TiO2 has been immobilized onto fiberglass using the spray-coating technique to form a flexible composite. Chitosan was used as a binder to attach the TiO2 nanoparticles on the fiberglass strands, whereas the acids used to dissolve the chitosan were expected to induce an acidic microenvironment and act as hole scavengers. X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed that a 1 μm thick TiO2-chitosan layer covered the fiberglass, forming composite strands with a diameter of 14.5 μm. Infrared spectroscopy suggests that not all chitosan formed electrostatic interactions with formic acid and that some formic acid remained free. The composite made using formic acid (TiCF) had a higher activity for photoreduction of Cr(VI) aqueous solution than the composite made using acetic acid (TiCA). Formic acid concentration affects photoreduction, where the optimum concentration is 1 M. The photoreduction decreases with increasing Cr(VI) initial concentration. The photoreduction activity reduced from 91 to 45% after five testing cycles. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed that Cr(VI) was photoreduced to Cr(III) hydroxide, which then adsorbed on the surface of the composite, contributing to its deactivation. When tested using continuous flow conditions, the composite reached a steady state removal of 29 and 46% at a residence time of 17 and 63 min, respectively.