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<p>The improper disposal of oily sludge (OS) from hydrocarbon accumulation in storage tanks poses significant environmental hazards. Similarly, the large quantities of chicken manure (CM) produced require sustainable management. This study investigates the biotreatment of OS through co-composting with CM and sawdust (SD), offering an eco-friendly solution to convert hazardous waste into a valuable product. A 13-week pilot-scale composting experiment was conducted using four treatments with varying ratios of OS, CM, and SD. Weekly measurements included key physicochemical parameters (pH, EC, total organic carbon (TOC), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN)), biological indicators (germination index (GI)), and microbial counts (fecal coliforms). Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) were determined gravimetrically, and hydrocarbon compounds were identified using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Results demonstrated a significant reduction in TOC, TKN, the carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio, TPH, and fecal coliform counts, while pH and EC gradually increased. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that both time and treatment type significantly influenced EC, TPH, and the GI. Compost maturity was achieved by week 8 based on the C/N ratio and by week 10 according to phytotoxicity assessments. Treatments 3 and 4 consistently outperformed the others across all key indicators. Treatment 4, composed of OS (50%), CM (34%), and SD (16%), achieved a 99.24% degradation rate of TPH and met both national and international standards for Grade B compost, indicating effective waste remediation and high compost stability.</p>

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Sustainable Co-Composting of Oily Sludge with Organic Amendments for Hazardous Waste Remediation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月15日

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  • Hosein Alidadi,
  • Fateme Barari,
  • Aliakbar Dehghan,
  • Behnam Barikbin,
  • Najmeh Afsharkohan

摘要

The improper disposal of oily sludge (OS) from hydrocarbon accumulation in storage tanks poses significant environmental hazards. Similarly, the large quantities of chicken manure (CM) produced require sustainable management. This study investigates the biotreatment of OS through co-composting with CM and sawdust (SD), offering an eco-friendly solution to convert hazardous waste into a valuable product. A 13-week pilot-scale composting experiment was conducted using four treatments with varying ratios of OS, CM, and SD. Weekly measurements included key physicochemical parameters (pH, EC, total organic carbon (TOC), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN)), biological indicators (germination index (GI)), and microbial counts (fecal coliforms). Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) were determined gravimetrically, and hydrocarbon compounds were identified using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Results demonstrated a significant reduction in TOC, TKN, the carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio, TPH, and fecal coliform counts, while pH and EC gradually increased. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that both time and treatment type significantly influenced EC, TPH, and the GI. Compost maturity was achieved by week 8 based on the C/N ratio and by week 10 according to phytotoxicity assessments. Treatments 3 and 4 consistently outperformed the others across all key indicators. Treatment 4, composed of OS (50%), CM (34%), and SD (16%), achieved a 99.24% degradation rate of TPH and met both national and international standards for Grade B compost, indicating effective waste remediation and high compost stability.