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<p>Industrialization has driven significant economic growth but has also imposed severe environmental costs, notably through climate change. The rising global temperatures and elevated carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) levels threaten ecosystems and human livelihoods. Through the enzyme Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO), plants play a crucial role in mitigating climate change via biological CO₂ assimilation. Photosynthesis, the fundamental process sustaining life on Earth, includes oxygenic and anoxygenic forms. Oxygenic photosynthesis, carried out by plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, produces molecular oxygen and is essential for energy production. Despite its abundance, RuBisCO is characterized by inefficiencies due to its dual carboxylase and oxygenase activities. Improving RuBisCO’s efficiency is vital for enhancing crop yields and addressing climate change. This review examines recent advancements in bioengineering RuBisCO, including genetic modifications, protein engineering, and recombinant strategies designed to optimize enzyme performance. Innovations such as <i>CRISPR/Cas9</i> molecular tool, directed evolution, and the creation of thermostable variants are discussed, highlighting their potential to boost carbon fixation efficiency and promote sustainable agricultural and environmental practices.</p>

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Utilization of Genetically Engineered RuBisCO Enzyme for Capturing Carbon Dioxide to Address Environmental Challenges-An Overview

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月30日

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  • Priya Gupta,
  • Rajkumar Prabhakaran,
  • Nalini Soni,
  • Sangeeta Devendra Kumar Singh,
  • Chinnaperumal Kamaraj,
  • Silambarasan Tamil Selvan,
  • Neethu Asokan,
  • Sudheer D. V. N. Pamidimarri,
  • Balasubramanian Velramar

摘要

Industrialization has driven significant economic growth but has also imposed severe environmental costs, notably through climate change. The rising global temperatures and elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) levels threaten ecosystems and human livelihoods. Through the enzyme Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO), plants play a crucial role in mitigating climate change via biological CO₂ assimilation. Photosynthesis, the fundamental process sustaining life on Earth, includes oxygenic and anoxygenic forms. Oxygenic photosynthesis, carried out by plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, produces molecular oxygen and is essential for energy production. Despite its abundance, RuBisCO is characterized by inefficiencies due to its dual carboxylase and oxygenase activities. Improving RuBisCO’s efficiency is vital for enhancing crop yields and addressing climate change. This review examines recent advancements in bioengineering RuBisCO, including genetic modifications, protein engineering, and recombinant strategies designed to optimize enzyme performance. Innovations such as CRISPR/Cas9 molecular tool, directed evolution, and the creation of thermostable variants are discussed, highlighting their potential to boost carbon fixation efficiency and promote sustainable agricultural and environmental practices.