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<p>Veterinary medicines (VMs), extensively applied in livestock to manage and prevent diseases, are now recognized as emerging environmental pollutants due to their durability and ability to spread within ecosystems. A large portion of these substances is not fully metabolized by animals and is subsequently released into the environment through manure and runoff, leading to contamination of both soil and water resources. These pharmaceutical residues can negatively impact soil microbial diversity, disturb nutrient dynamics, and hinder plant development and physiological processes. Some antibiotics and antiparasitic agents are known to be toxic to plants, impairing seed germination, decreasing biomass, and triggering oxidative stress. Their accumulation in the environment raises additional concerns about bioaccumulation and movement through the food chain, which could indirectly threaten food quality and human health. Persistent compounds like tetracyclines (TET), sulfonamides (SA), and ivermectin (IVM) can remain in agricultural soils and infiltrate aquatic systems, compromising soil health and water quality. Despite growing awareness of their ecological effects, there is still a lack of adequate regulations and monitoring systems in many regions. Therefore, it is essential to adopt sustainable waste management approaches, enhance treatment technologies, and enforce stricter policies to minimize the environmental impact of veterinary pharmaceuticals (VPs) and safeguard agroecosystem integrity (Figure 1).</p>

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Manuscript Number: WATE-D-25–01270 Veterinary Medicines: An Emerging Threat to Soil, Water, and Plants

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月18日

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  • Yashwant Sompura,
  • Upma Bhatt,
  • Sunita Parihar,
  • Vineet Soni

摘要

Veterinary medicines (VMs), extensively applied in livestock to manage and prevent diseases, are now recognized as emerging environmental pollutants due to their durability and ability to spread within ecosystems. A large portion of these substances is not fully metabolized by animals and is subsequently released into the environment through manure and runoff, leading to contamination of both soil and water resources. These pharmaceutical residues can negatively impact soil microbial diversity, disturb nutrient dynamics, and hinder plant development and physiological processes. Some antibiotics and antiparasitic agents are known to be toxic to plants, impairing seed germination, decreasing biomass, and triggering oxidative stress. Their accumulation in the environment raises additional concerns about bioaccumulation and movement through the food chain, which could indirectly threaten food quality and human health. Persistent compounds like tetracyclines (TET), sulfonamides (SA), and ivermectin (IVM) can remain in agricultural soils and infiltrate aquatic systems, compromising soil health and water quality. Despite growing awareness of their ecological effects, there is still a lack of adequate regulations and monitoring systems in many regions. Therefore, it is essential to adopt sustainable waste management approaches, enhance treatment technologies, and enforce stricter policies to minimize the environmental impact of veterinary pharmaceuticals (VPs) and safeguard agroecosystem integrity (Figure 1).