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<p>The ineffective management of wastewater leads to significant environmental and health challenges resulting in the release of harmful pollutants into water bodies. The use of abundant solar energy by photocatalysis has been suggested as an effective method for the treatment of wastewater. Despite studying a broad range of photocatalysts for wastewater treatment, their low photocatalytic activity and the rapid recombination rate of electrons and hole pairs have hindered commercialization. This research introduces Biochar with ZnO integrated with Cu-DPA, a novel composite photocatalyst, as a proposed solution to the problem. The biochar ZnO and Cu-DPA composite was prepared by experimenting with different alterations of copper diphenylamine, such as ZnO with Cu-DPA at 50%, 40%, 30%, 17%, and the standard biochar zinc oxide and copper diphenylamine. Several characterization techniques like FTIR, XRD, SEM and UV–Visible spectroscopy were applied to determine the characteristics of the prepared composite catalyst. Afterwards, the photocatalytic activity was studied for these composites by degrading Methylene Blue under visible light irradiation. Among all the photocatalysts, Biochar ZnO/Cu-DPA showed the best degradation efficiency of 97% within 80&#xa0;min when methylene blue was degraded under visible light irradiation. This novelly developed composite catalyst (biochar ZnO/Cu-DPA) exhibited satisfactory reusability over seven cycles as a fully efficient catalyst. This approach offers a promising solution for wastewater treatment, addressing the pressing need for effective, eco-friendly pollution control measures using a novel and effective renewable composite catalyst.</p>

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Development of a Novel Composite Catalyst containing Renewable Biochar blended with Zinc Oxide and Copper Diphenyl Amine for Visible Light Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月25日

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  • Muhammad Raashid,
  • Muhammad Zain Akram,
  • Mohsin Kazmi,
  • Kashaf Imran,
  • Amir Ikhlaq,
  • Muhammad Bin Saeed,
  • Naveed Ramzan,
  • Zafar Masood

摘要

The ineffective management of wastewater leads to significant environmental and health challenges resulting in the release of harmful pollutants into water bodies. The use of abundant solar energy by photocatalysis has been suggested as an effective method for the treatment of wastewater. Despite studying a broad range of photocatalysts for wastewater treatment, their low photocatalytic activity and the rapid recombination rate of electrons and hole pairs have hindered commercialization. This research introduces Biochar with ZnO integrated with Cu-DPA, a novel composite photocatalyst, as a proposed solution to the problem. The biochar ZnO and Cu-DPA composite was prepared by experimenting with different alterations of copper diphenylamine, such as ZnO with Cu-DPA at 50%, 40%, 30%, 17%, and the standard biochar zinc oxide and copper diphenylamine. Several characterization techniques like FTIR, XRD, SEM and UV–Visible spectroscopy were applied to determine the characteristics of the prepared composite catalyst. Afterwards, the photocatalytic activity was studied for these composites by degrading Methylene Blue under visible light irradiation. Among all the photocatalysts, Biochar ZnO/Cu-DPA showed the best degradation efficiency of 97% within 80 min when methylene blue was degraded under visible light irradiation. This novelly developed composite catalyst (biochar ZnO/Cu-DPA) exhibited satisfactory reusability over seven cycles as a fully efficient catalyst. This approach offers a promising solution for wastewater treatment, addressing the pressing need for effective, eco-friendly pollution control measures using a novel and effective renewable composite catalyst.