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<p>The frequency and intensity of flood events driven by extreme rainfall have increased significantly due to climate change. However, the causes of urban flood disasters and the measures used to govern them are more complex, especially given limited experience with floods that exceed historical climate patterns. Using global flood loss data, this paper highlights the drivers of extreme flood disasters in cities and presents a series of mitigation strategies. The results indicate that the magnitude of damage caused by rainfall events and the severe flooding that follows has shown an alarming upward trend in recent years. The total economic losses caused by global flooding in 2023 reached as high as 87.7&#xa0;billion USD, mainly due to prominent climate change issues, changes in the urban environment, and social factors. Based on this comprehensive analysis, this study focuses on adaptation strategies from a resilience management perspective, including an improved top-level design for urban water systems, enhanced emergency response capabilities, and institutionalized learning and reflection mechanisms. In conclusion, relatively comprehensive development strategies, such as regional multilateral agreements, may be integrated into flood management to protect inland cities from increasing flood-induced threats.</p>

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Integrating Urban Resilience into Human–Environmental Systems Enhances Adaptive Urban Flood Management

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月15日

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  • Mingyang Liu,
  • Hongwu Zhang,
  • Xiangzhou Xu,
  • Zongping Ren,
  • Wendi Wang,
  • Zhanbin Li

摘要

The frequency and intensity of flood events driven by extreme rainfall have increased significantly due to climate change. However, the causes of urban flood disasters and the measures used to govern them are more complex, especially given limited experience with floods that exceed historical climate patterns. Using global flood loss data, this paper highlights the drivers of extreme flood disasters in cities and presents a series of mitigation strategies. The results indicate that the magnitude of damage caused by rainfall events and the severe flooding that follows has shown an alarming upward trend in recent years. The total economic losses caused by global flooding in 2023 reached as high as 87.7 billion USD, mainly due to prominent climate change issues, changes in the urban environment, and social factors. Based on this comprehensive analysis, this study focuses on adaptation strategies from a resilience management perspective, including an improved top-level design for urban water systems, enhanced emergency response capabilities, and institutionalized learning and reflection mechanisms. In conclusion, relatively comprehensive development strategies, such as regional multilateral agreements, may be integrated into flood management to protect inland cities from increasing flood-induced threats.