Bi-objective Optimization of Water Distribution Networks
摘要
Water Distribution Networks (WDNs) are vital in urban and industrial contexts, with high costs driven by pipe diameters and pumping needs. This paper presents a bi-objective MINLP optimization model based on disjunctive programming, accounting for unknown flow directions and minimizing both total costs (installation, operation, and pumping) and CO2 emissions from pipe manufacturing and system operation. Implemented in GAMS and tested across three case studies, the model applies the