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<p>This study used the SCS-CN method to investigate the effect of antecedent soil moisture conditions (ASMC) in runoff generation and proposed appropriate Curve Numbers (CNs) for the Kidangoor watershed in India. Initially, with the standard ASMC II, the SCS-CN technique overestimated the runoff by -5.8%, but when the CNs of the respective ASMC of the event day were considered, the error was reduced to -4.3%. Therefore, sets of equations were proposed for the Kidangoor watershed to further improve the results. These equations were based on observed rainfall and runoff over 18 years, and they converted the standard CN values from ASMC II to ASMC I and III. The CNs derived from the proposed equations were used to calculate the runoff for ASMC I, II, and III. The performance was found excellent in this case with an average error of -2.63%. Hence, the relationship between rainfall and runoff was established by a simple regression analysis for ASMC I, II, and III. In all cases, computing annual runoff in the Kidangoor watershed was an acceptable range in terms of the Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient (E ≥ 98%) and the percentage of bias (PBias ≤ 10%). However, upgrading CNs and taking the event day’s ASMC into account have improved the results. This novel approach could be tested to estimate runoff for other watersheds by using the SCS-CN method.</p>

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A Novel Approach for the SCS-CN Method by Updating Curve Numbers for the Antecedent Soil Moisture Conditions (ASMCs) and Improving its Performance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月3日

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  • Ajith A.V.,
  • Dillip Kumar Barik

摘要

This study used the SCS-CN method to investigate the effect of antecedent soil moisture conditions (ASMC) in runoff generation and proposed appropriate Curve Numbers (CNs) for the Kidangoor watershed in India. Initially, with the standard ASMC II, the SCS-CN technique overestimated the runoff by -5.8%, but when the CNs of the respective ASMC of the event day were considered, the error was reduced to -4.3%. Therefore, sets of equations were proposed for the Kidangoor watershed to further improve the results. These equations were based on observed rainfall and runoff over 18 years, and they converted the standard CN values from ASMC II to ASMC I and III. The CNs derived from the proposed equations were used to calculate the runoff for ASMC I, II, and III. The performance was found excellent in this case with an average error of -2.63%. Hence, the relationship between rainfall and runoff was established by a simple regression analysis for ASMC I, II, and III. In all cases, computing annual runoff in the Kidangoor watershed was an acceptable range in terms of the Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient (E ≥ 98%) and the percentage of bias (PBias ≤ 10%). However, upgrading CNs and taking the event day’s ASMC into account have improved the results. This novel approach could be tested to estimate runoff for other watersheds by using the SCS-CN method.