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<p>The current research investigated the adverse effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZONPs) at an exposure level of 6&#xa0;mg/L in common carp (<i>Cyprinus carpio</i>) and studied the mitigating potential of dietary interventions of ginger (GN) and turmeric (TUR), each with 10&#xa0;g/kg basal diet, against these adverse effects of ZONPs. Fish (<i>n</i> = 240, average weight = 26.13 ± 0.03&#xa0;g) were randomly arranged into six groups in four replicates for 45 days. The first (control), second, and third groups were fed on basal, GN, and TUR diets and maintained in ZONPs-free water. The fourth, fifth, and sixth groups were subjected to waterborne ZONPs at a concentration of 6&#xa0;mg/L and fed on the basal, GN, and TUR diets, respectively. Exposure to ZONPs induced growth inhibition, and hepatic (higher alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase) and renal (higher urea and creatinine) dysfunction in <i>C. carpio</i>. ZONPs exposure elevated the serum levels of cortisol and reduced the levels of total proteins, albumin, and globulin. Furthermore, oxidative damage (increased malondialdehyde and decreased catalase, reduced glutathione, and superoxide dismutase) and immune dysfunction (decreased myeloperoxidase, lysozyme, and nitric oxide) were consequences of ZONPs exposure. ZONPs exposure evoked necrotic and inflammatory lesions in the intestine, liver, and kidney tissues. Feeding on TUR followed by GN diets improved the <i>C. carpio</i> growth, modulated the hepato-renal functions, and restored the tissue architecture of the intestine, liver, and kidney during ZONPs exposure. TUR, followed by GN dietary interventions, improved the antioxidant-immune responses and survivability of <i>C. carpio</i> evoked by ZONPs exposure. In line with the findings of the current research, we advise adding TUR and GN at 10&#xa0;g/kg basal diets to the <i>C. carpio</i> diet to mitigate the ZONPs’ deleterious impacts.</p>

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Toxicological insight of water-borne zinc oxide nanoparticles in common carp: dietary interventions with Zingiber officinale and/or Curcuma longa modify inhibited growth, immunosuppression, and histopathological alterations outcomes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月11日

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  • Shaimaa A.A. Ahmed,
  • Abdallah Tageldein Mansour,
  • Yousef Alkhamis,
  • Hesham A. Hassanien,
  • Ahmed Abbas,
  • Mohamed Y. M. Aly,
  • Rowida E. Ibrahim,
  • Heba Allah M. Elbaghdady

摘要

The current research investigated the adverse effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZONPs) at an exposure level of 6 mg/L in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and studied the mitigating potential of dietary interventions of ginger (GN) and turmeric (TUR), each with 10 g/kg basal diet, against these adverse effects of ZONPs. Fish (n = 240, average weight = 26.13 ± 0.03 g) were randomly arranged into six groups in four replicates for 45 days. The first (control), second, and third groups were fed on basal, GN, and TUR diets and maintained in ZONPs-free water. The fourth, fifth, and sixth groups were subjected to waterborne ZONPs at a concentration of 6 mg/L and fed on the basal, GN, and TUR diets, respectively. Exposure to ZONPs induced growth inhibition, and hepatic (higher alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase) and renal (higher urea and creatinine) dysfunction in C. carpio. ZONPs exposure elevated the serum levels of cortisol and reduced the levels of total proteins, albumin, and globulin. Furthermore, oxidative damage (increased malondialdehyde and decreased catalase, reduced glutathione, and superoxide dismutase) and immune dysfunction (decreased myeloperoxidase, lysozyme, and nitric oxide) were consequences of ZONPs exposure. ZONPs exposure evoked necrotic and inflammatory lesions in the intestine, liver, and kidney tissues. Feeding on TUR followed by GN diets improved the C. carpio growth, modulated the hepato-renal functions, and restored the tissue architecture of the intestine, liver, and kidney during ZONPs exposure. TUR, followed by GN dietary interventions, improved the antioxidant-immune responses and survivability of C. carpio evoked by ZONPs exposure. In line with the findings of the current research, we advise adding TUR and GN at 10 g/kg basal diets to the C. carpio diet to mitigate the ZONPs’ deleterious impacts.