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<p>Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS), caused by the PRRS virus (PRRSV), is a prevalent swine pathogen that results in reproductive and respiratory issues. The non-structural protein 4 (NSP4) of PRRSV is a 3C-like serine enzyme with a vital triad (His39-Asp64-Ser118), which is crucial for cleaving viral polyproteins pp1a and pp1ab to yield operational non-structural proteins (NSP3–NSP12). In addition to its role in viral replication, NSP4 suppresses interferon production and triggers host cellular apoptosis, thereby facilitating immune evasion and disease progression. This review provides insights into the structure and function of NSP4, which provide perspectives for enhancing PRRS management strategies and formulating more potent vaccines.</p>

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Research progress on NSP4 protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月9日

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  • Xiaolin Lan,
  • Fang Liang,
  • Gan Li,
  • Yaqiong Ye,
  • Feng Li,
  • Chen Lv,
  • Kexin Liu,
  • Zhiyu Yang,
  • Ruyu Sun,
  • Keshan Zhang,
  • Lin Wang,
  • Huawei Li,
  • Mengmeng Zhao,
  • Liangzong Huang

摘要

Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS), caused by the PRRS virus (PRRSV), is a prevalent swine pathogen that results in reproductive and respiratory issues. The non-structural protein 4 (NSP4) of PRRSV is a 3C-like serine enzyme with a vital triad (His39-Asp64-Ser118), which is crucial for cleaving viral polyproteins pp1a and pp1ab to yield operational non-structural proteins (NSP3–NSP12). In addition to its role in viral replication, NSP4 suppresses interferon production and triggers host cellular apoptosis, thereby facilitating immune evasion and disease progression. This review provides insights into the structure and function of NSP4, which provide perspectives for enhancing PRRS management strategies and formulating more potent vaccines.