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<p><i>Euterpe edulis</i> Mart., a native palm tree of the Atlantic Forest Biome, plays a vital ecological and socioeconomic role. However, its survival is threatened by indiscriminate exploitation and habitat degradation. Efforts to repopulate forest fragments or establish agroforestry systems have been proposed as potential solutions. The successful establishment of saplings in the field largely depends on their physiological fitness, which is influenced by optimal growing conditions. Light intensity is a key factor during the early developmental stages of <i>E. edulis</i>, but there is ongoing debate about the ideal level of shade and its effects on various biological processes. This study examined the impact of shading at 0%, 50%, and 70% radiation attenuation on the ecophysiological responses of <i>E. edulis</i> saplings. Under mild shading (50% radiation attenuation), net photosynthesis and the maximum photosynthetic capacity remained stable. In contrast, both low (0%) and intense (70%) shading negatively impacted these parameters, along with other gas exchange variables. Saplings grown under 50% shading presented an optimal stomatal aperture, increased carboxylation capacity, and efficient light utilization, enabling them to maintain stable photosynthetic performance. Consequently, the overall growth and fitness of the saplings under moderate shading were greater than those under the other treatments. These findings demonstrate that while <i>E. edulis</i> is shade tolerant, it requires a specific level of light attenuation to thrive. Mild shading (50% radiation attenuation) provides an ideal balance, supporting healthy physiological function and robust growth.</p>

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How shade impacts the fitness of Euterpe edulis saplings, a palm tree from the Atlantic Forest biome

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月30日

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  • Takefumi Ushimaru,
  • Sérgio Yoshimitsu Motoike,
  • Kacilda Naomi Kuki,
  • Débora Durso Caetano Madeira,
  • Geís Ferreira Neves,
  • Maria Antônia Machado Barbosa

摘要

Euterpe edulis Mart., a native palm tree of the Atlantic Forest Biome, plays a vital ecological and socioeconomic role. However, its survival is threatened by indiscriminate exploitation and habitat degradation. Efforts to repopulate forest fragments or establish agroforestry systems have been proposed as potential solutions. The successful establishment of saplings in the field largely depends on their physiological fitness, which is influenced by optimal growing conditions. Light intensity is a key factor during the early developmental stages of E. edulis, but there is ongoing debate about the ideal level of shade and its effects on various biological processes. This study examined the impact of shading at 0%, 50%, and 70% radiation attenuation on the ecophysiological responses of E. edulis saplings. Under mild shading (50% radiation attenuation), net photosynthesis and the maximum photosynthetic capacity remained stable. In contrast, both low (0%) and intense (70%) shading negatively impacted these parameters, along with other gas exchange variables. Saplings grown under 50% shading presented an optimal stomatal aperture, increased carboxylation capacity, and efficient light utilization, enabling them to maintain stable photosynthetic performance. Consequently, the overall growth and fitness of the saplings under moderate shading were greater than those under the other treatments. These findings demonstrate that while E. edulis is shade tolerant, it requires a specific level of light attenuation to thrive. Mild shading (50% radiation attenuation) provides an ideal balance, supporting healthy physiological function and robust growth.