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<p>The destruction of plant habitats is done by human activities to use natural resources with various goals such as agricultural production, mining, and urban development. This study was done to evaluate the destruction of the plant’s habitats using the maximum entropy method in the north of Iran (Baladeh rangelands). At first, the presence locations of five study plant species were recorded using a GPS set. Maps of environmental variables (topography, climatic parameters, and soil parameters) and human-related variables (distance from residential areas and roads) were prepared in a geographic information system (GIS). In the modeling phase, the maximum entropy model (MaxEnt model) was used. The results showed that the main factors in the growth and spatial distribution of the studied vegetation types are different. The most important factors in the spatial distribution of <i>Astragalus gossypinus-Artemisia aucheri, Artemisia aucheri-Onobrychis cornuta, Astragalus gossypinus-Bromus tomentellus</i> and <i>Astragalus gossypinus, and Bromus tomentellus-Astragalus gossypinus</i> types were annual precipitation, distance from the road, distance from the residential areas, sodium absorption ratio (SAR) in soil, soil salinity (EC), and clay percentage (soil texture). The modeling results were validated using ground control points (GCPs). The prediction performance of the MaxEnt model for the predicted habitats of the five studied species has been excellent (ROC values higher than 0.9). Moreover, the destructed areas of the plant habitats were studied by overlapping and comparing the habitat suitability map and the GCPs in a GIS. The results showed that the highest area of destruction was related to <i>Astragalus gossypinus-Bromus tomentellus</i>, amounting to 30.1%, and the lowest area of destruction was associated with <i>Astragalus gossypinus</i> which was 0.21%. Moreover, destruction has generally occurred near residential areas, agricultural lands, and areas heavily grazed by livestock. Finally, the habitat suitability models will be effective for evaluating the factors affecting plant habitats as well as planning for the protection of native species and the restoration of degraded areas.</p>

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Predicting habitat destruction of Rangeland plant species using the maximum entropy algorithm (MaxEnt) and geographic information system (GIS)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月16日

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  • Mohammadreza Tatian,
  • Farhad Borna,
  • Vahid Gholami,
  • Ailin Faraji

摘要

The destruction of plant habitats is done by human activities to use natural resources with various goals such as agricultural production, mining, and urban development. This study was done to evaluate the destruction of the plant’s habitats using the maximum entropy method in the north of Iran (Baladeh rangelands). At first, the presence locations of five study plant species were recorded using a GPS set. Maps of environmental variables (topography, climatic parameters, and soil parameters) and human-related variables (distance from residential areas and roads) were prepared in a geographic information system (GIS). In the modeling phase, the maximum entropy model (MaxEnt model) was used. The results showed that the main factors in the growth and spatial distribution of the studied vegetation types are different. The most important factors in the spatial distribution of Astragalus gossypinus-Artemisia aucheri, Artemisia aucheri-Onobrychis cornuta, Astragalus gossypinus-Bromus tomentellus and Astragalus gossypinus, and Bromus tomentellus-Astragalus gossypinus types were annual precipitation, distance from the road, distance from the residential areas, sodium absorption ratio (SAR) in soil, soil salinity (EC), and clay percentage (soil texture). The modeling results were validated using ground control points (GCPs). The prediction performance of the MaxEnt model for the predicted habitats of the five studied species has been excellent (ROC values higher than 0.9). Moreover, the destructed areas of the plant habitats were studied by overlapping and comparing the habitat suitability map and the GCPs in a GIS. The results showed that the highest area of destruction was related to Astragalus gossypinus-Bromus tomentellus, amounting to 30.1%, and the lowest area of destruction was associated with Astragalus gossypinus which was 0.21%. Moreover, destruction has generally occurred near residential areas, agricultural lands, and areas heavily grazed by livestock. Finally, the habitat suitability models will be effective for evaluating the factors affecting plant habitats as well as planning for the protection of native species and the restoration of degraded areas.