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Background <p>The BK virus (BKV) commonly affects stem cell transplant (SCT) patients and can lead to hemorrhagic cystitis (HC), a serious condition that negatively impacts patient health. This study reviews the frequency of BKV infections in SCT patients, particularly those who develop HC.</p> Methods <p>We searched Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase up to August 10, 2024, to identify relevant articles focusing on the prevalence of BKV-related hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) in stem cell transplant (SCT) patients. Two reviewers independently screened and extracted data using Nested Knowledge software. A meta-analysis of pooled prevalence rates was conducted using random-effects models in R software, version 4.4. Study heterogeneity was assessed with the <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> statistic, and study quality was evaluated using a modified Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS). Trim-and-fill funnel plot and Eggers test were used to assess publication bias.</p> Results <p>Of the 2700 articles identified, 15 met our inclusion criteria, encompassing 7856 participants. The overall pooled prevalence of BKV-related hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) was 12.8% (95% CI 8.7–18.5%), with rates varying significantly from 5.0 to 45.9%. This variation reflects differences in patient backgrounds, transplant methods, and diagnostic approaches (<i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 97%). The prevalence of BKV infections without HC was 45.8% (95% CI 14.0–81.4%), also showing wide variation from 0.8 to 94.7% and high heterogeneity (<i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 99%).</p> Conclusions <p>Our study identified a substantial prevalence of BKV-associated hemorrhagic cystitis in stem cell transplant patients, highlighting the importance of vigilant monitoring and effective treatment strategies to manage this risk. Enhancing both diagnostic techniques and treatment approaches is crucial for improving patient outcomes.</p>

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Prevalence of BK virus and BK virus-associated hemorrhagic cystitis in stem cell transplant recipients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月10日

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  • Ambanna Yappalparvi,
  • Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib,
  • Muhammed Shabil,
  • Suhas Ballal,
  • Pooja Bansal,
  • Balvir S. Tomar,
  • Pranchal Rajput,
  • Ashish Singh Chauhan,
  • MRavi Kumar,
  • Abhay M. Gaidhane,
  • Priyanka Choudhary,
  • Sanjit Sah,
  • Diptismita Jena,
  • Ganesh Bushi,
  • Doddolla Lingamaiah

摘要

Background

The BK virus (BKV) commonly affects stem cell transplant (SCT) patients and can lead to hemorrhagic cystitis (HC), a serious condition that negatively impacts patient health. This study reviews the frequency of BKV infections in SCT patients, particularly those who develop HC.

Methods

We searched Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase up to August 10, 2024, to identify relevant articles focusing on the prevalence of BKV-related hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) in stem cell transplant (SCT) patients. Two reviewers independently screened and extracted data using Nested Knowledge software. A meta-analysis of pooled prevalence rates was conducted using random-effects models in R software, version 4.4. Study heterogeneity was assessed with the I2 statistic, and study quality was evaluated using a modified Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS). Trim-and-fill funnel plot and Eggers test were used to assess publication bias.

Results

Of the 2700 articles identified, 15 met our inclusion criteria, encompassing 7856 participants. The overall pooled prevalence of BKV-related hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) was 12.8% (95% CI 8.7–18.5%), with rates varying significantly from 5.0 to 45.9%. This variation reflects differences in patient backgrounds, transplant methods, and diagnostic approaches (I2 = 97%). The prevalence of BKV infections without HC was 45.8% (95% CI 14.0–81.4%), also showing wide variation from 0.8 to 94.7% and high heterogeneity (I2 = 99%).

Conclusions

Our study identified a substantial prevalence of BKV-associated hemorrhagic cystitis in stem cell transplant patients, highlighting the importance of vigilant monitoring and effective treatment strategies to manage this risk. Enhancing both diagnostic techniques and treatment approaches is crucial for improving patient outcomes.