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Background <p>Visfatin and apelin are adipocytokines, with visfatin linked to vascular dysfunction and apelin involved in renal homeostasis. This systematic review and meta-analysis explored the serum/plasma levels of these adipocytokines in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients versus healthy controls.</p> Method <p>Relevant databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase, were searched up to August 2024, and studies reporting visfatin and apelin concentrations in CKD and controls were retrieved for data synthesis. Random-effect meta-analysis was performed to calculate standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for comparison of visfatin and apelin levels in CKD subjects vs. controls.</p> Results <p>Out of the 564 studies screened, 14 fulfilled the inclusion criteria, encompassing a collective sample of 1,377 CKD subjects. The CKD group’s mean age was 49.51&#xa0;years (53.50% male), and the control group’s mean age was 48.87&#xa0;years (49.38% male). The meta-analysis indicated a trend of elevated visfatin levels in the CKD group compared to controls (SMD 1.53; 95% CI 0.88–2.19; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01; I<sup>2</sup> = 96%). Moreover, visfatin levels were consistently elevated across all stages of CKD when compared to controls. There were no notable variations in apelin levels between CKD subjects and those in the control group (SMD 0.07; 95% CI,  – 0.45 to 0.59; <i>p</i> = 0.80; I<sup>2</sup> = 77%).</p> Conclusion <p>Our findings suggest visfatin could be a potential biomarker for CKD, potentially reflecting disease severity; however, apelin levels were not different in CKD and controls. These results may aid in the earlier diagnosis of CKD but need validation through larger, well-structured studies.</p>

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Circulating levels of visfatin and apelin as biomarkers in chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月30日

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  • Soheil Rahmati,
  • Sogand Sadeghi,
  • Mehrdad Mahalleh,
  • Amir Hossein Behnoush,
  • Marzie Pourgholi,
  • Kaveh Hosseini,
  • Mahmood Moosazadeh

摘要

Background

Visfatin and apelin are adipocytokines, with visfatin linked to vascular dysfunction and apelin involved in renal homeostasis. This systematic review and meta-analysis explored the serum/plasma levels of these adipocytokines in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients versus healthy controls.

Method

Relevant databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase, were searched up to August 2024, and studies reporting visfatin and apelin concentrations in CKD and controls were retrieved for data synthesis. Random-effect meta-analysis was performed to calculate standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for comparison of visfatin and apelin levels in CKD subjects vs. controls.

Results

Out of the 564 studies screened, 14 fulfilled the inclusion criteria, encompassing a collective sample of 1,377 CKD subjects. The CKD group’s mean age was 49.51 years (53.50% male), and the control group’s mean age was 48.87 years (49.38% male). The meta-analysis indicated a trend of elevated visfatin levels in the CKD group compared to controls (SMD 1.53; 95% CI 0.88–2.19; p < 0.01; I2 = 96%). Moreover, visfatin levels were consistently elevated across all stages of CKD when compared to controls. There were no notable variations in apelin levels between CKD subjects and those in the control group (SMD 0.07; 95% CI,  – 0.45 to 0.59; p = 0.80; I2 = 77%).

Conclusion

Our findings suggest visfatin could be a potential biomarker for CKD, potentially reflecting disease severity; however, apelin levels were not different in CKD and controls. These results may aid in the earlier diagnosis of CKD but need validation through larger, well-structured studies.