Purpose Accurate assessment of kidney function is essential for post-kidney transplant management. This study aims to develop a new equation tailored to Vietnamese kidney transplant recipients and validate its performance against established equations. Methods A total of 299 kidney transplant recipients underwent glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measurement using technetium-99m-diethylenetriaminepentaacetate renal dynamic scintigraphy, along with demographic, clinical, and laboratory assessments. Participants were divided into a development cohort (n = 150) to generate a new GFR-estimating equation and a validation cohort (n = 149) for internal validation against six equations. Results The new equation, <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11255_2025_4458_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="450" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$GFR = 100.430 \times 1.080^{sex} \times age^{{{-}0.097}} \times Scr^{{{-}0.524}} \times Scys^{{{-}0.435}}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>G</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mi>R</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>100.430</mn> <mo>×</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>.</mo> <msup> <mn>080</mn> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="italic">sex</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mo>×</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mi>g</mi> <msup> <mi>e</mi> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mn>0.097</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>×</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mi>c</mi> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mn>0.524</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>×</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mi>c</mi> <mi>y</mi> <msup> <mi>s</mi> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mn>0.435</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> (sex: 0 = female; 1 = male), showed the smallest median bias (–0.11 [–1.40; 1.11]), highest P30 accuracy (94.0% [88.6; 96.6]), highest precision (interquartile range = 9.82 [7.63; 12.37]), and strongest correlation with measured GFR (r = 0.824 [0.752; 0.880]) among tested equations in the validation cohort. Among creatinine-based equations, the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation was the most accurate. Conclusion The new equation outperformed established equations and is recommended for Vietnamese kidney transplant recipients. The Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation may serve as an alternative in centers lacking access to serum cystatin C. Further studies with larger cohorts, external validation, and comparisons with gold-standard GFR measurement methods are needed to confirm these results.

New equation for estimating glomerular filtration rate in Vietnamese kidney transplant recipients

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发表日期：

2025年3月24日

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Bao An Huynh,
Nguyen Huy Hoang Ho,
Thi Tram Anh Bui,
Khac Chuan Hoang,
Thai Thanh Tam Tran

摘要

Purpose

Accurate assessment of kidney function is essential for post-kidney transplant management. This study aims to develop a new equation tailored to Vietnamese kidney transplant recipients and validate its performance against established equations.

Methods

A total of 299 kidney transplant recipients underwent glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measurement using technetium-99m-diethylenetriaminepentaacetate renal dynamic scintigraphy, along with demographic, clinical, and laboratory assessments. Participants were divided into a development cohort (n = 150) to generate a new GFR-estimating equation and a validation cohort (n = 149) for internal validation against six equations.

Results

The new equation, $GFR = 100.430 \times 1.080^{sex} \times age^{{{-}0.097}} \times Scr^{{{-}0.524}} \times Scys^{{{-}0.435}}$ $G F R = 100.430 \times 1 . 080^{sex} \times a g e^{- 0.097} \times S c r^{- 0.524} \times S c y s^{- 0.435}$ (sex: 0 = female; 1 = male), showed the smallest median bias (–0.11 [–1.40; 1.11]), highest P₃₀ accuracy (94.0% [88.6; 96.6]), highest precision (interquartile range = 9.82 [7.63; 12.37]), and strongest correlation with measured GFR (r = 0.824 [0.752; 0.880]) among tested equations in the validation cohort. Among creatinine-based equations, the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation was the most accurate.

Conclusion

The new equation outperformed established equations and is recommended for Vietnamese kidney transplant recipients. The Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation may serve as an alternative in centers lacking access to serum cystatin C. Further studies with larger cohorts, external validation, and comparisons with gold-standard GFR measurement methods are needed to confirm these results.