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<p>As urbanization has entered a stage of deep development, understanding how spatial expansion influences ecosystem stability has become crucial for achieving high-quality development. Using panel data from the Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration in China spanning the period 2000–2023, this study constructs an evaluation framework for urban ecological resilience composed of three dimensions: resistance, adaptability, and recovery. A two-way fixed-effects model is then employed to examine the impact of urban sprawl on ecological resilience and to explore its underlying mechanisms. The results indicate that urban sprawl significantly reduces ecological resilience. This finding remains robust after a series of tests, including alternative model specifications, variable substitutions, and winsorization procedures. The mediation analysis further reveals that urban sprawl exerts a negative effect on ecological resilience by suppressing green innovation, confirming a transmission pathway in which spatial expansion constrains innovation and subsequently weakens resilience. Heterogeneity analysis shows that this inhibitory effect is particularly pronounced in rapidly urbanizing cities with medium to high population density and in relatively flat terrain. In contrast, the upgrading of industrial structure can partially offset the adverse effects associated with urban sprawl. Additional analysis suggests that urban sprawl significantly increases industrial sulfur dioxide emissions, while simultaneously strengthening the coordination between pollution emissions and carbon emissions. From a policy perspective, spatial governance, green innovation, and differentiated regulatory strategies should be coordinated. Structural optimization and technological compensation mechanisms should be jointly promoted in order to enhance ecological resilience and support high-quality development within urban agglomerations. The findings provide both theoretical insights and policy implications for optimizing territorial spatial structures and improving urban ecological security in ecologically fragile regions of western China.</p>

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Toward a resilient city: the role of urban sprawl in shaping ecological resilience in the Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月1日

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  • Heng Wang,
  • Yu Wang,
  • Yuan Wang,
  • Weiru Qi,
  • Xiaohui Ding

摘要

As urbanization has entered a stage of deep development, understanding how spatial expansion influences ecosystem stability has become crucial for achieving high-quality development. Using panel data from the Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration in China spanning the period 2000–2023, this study constructs an evaluation framework for urban ecological resilience composed of three dimensions: resistance, adaptability, and recovery. A two-way fixed-effects model is then employed to examine the impact of urban sprawl on ecological resilience and to explore its underlying mechanisms. The results indicate that urban sprawl significantly reduces ecological resilience. This finding remains robust after a series of tests, including alternative model specifications, variable substitutions, and winsorization procedures. The mediation analysis further reveals that urban sprawl exerts a negative effect on ecological resilience by suppressing green innovation, confirming a transmission pathway in which spatial expansion constrains innovation and subsequently weakens resilience. Heterogeneity analysis shows that this inhibitory effect is particularly pronounced in rapidly urbanizing cities with medium to high population density and in relatively flat terrain. In contrast, the upgrading of industrial structure can partially offset the adverse effects associated with urban sprawl. Additional analysis suggests that urban sprawl significantly increases industrial sulfur dioxide emissions, while simultaneously strengthening the coordination between pollution emissions and carbon emissions. From a policy perspective, spatial governance, green innovation, and differentiated regulatory strategies should be coordinated. Structural optimization and technological compensation mechanisms should be jointly promoted in order to enhance ecological resilience and support high-quality development within urban agglomerations. The findings provide both theoretical insights and policy implications for optimizing territorial spatial structures and improving urban ecological security in ecologically fragile regions of western China.