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<p>Urban parks are key components of urban green infrastructure, sustaining urban biodiversity under contrasting vegetation management paradigms: artificially planned management (APM) and near-natural management (NNM). Despite NNM being widely advocated as a biodiversity-friendly alternative, its actual benefits and underlying mechanisms in shaping pollination networks remain unclear, with limited empirical comparisons of how different management regimes affect plant-pollinator network structure. To address this, we surveyed plant–pollinator interactions for eight months in Wenyu River Park, Beijing, a representative megacity in northern China, comparing an APM area (Chaoyang Demonstration Garden) and a NNM area (Nature Belt) by constructing pollination networks and quantifying differences in floral resource composition, availability, attractiveness and overall network structure. We further assessed the contributions of native and alien plant species to network organization under both management strategies. Results indicated that APM areas exhibited higher floral richness but lower community evenness with dominance of alien species, and were characterized by diffuse, modular networks. In contrast, NNM areas, dominated by native flora, supported more diverse and specialized pollinators, with networks exhibiting higher nestedness, connectivity, and pollinator robustness. Comparative analysis indicated that plant origin was strongly associated with pollinator foraging strategies: NNM fostered native-specific specialization, while APM promoted resource-driven foraging. Although alien plants enhanced nestedness, their networks were less stable overall, a paradox driven by the tendency of alien plants to attract generalist pollinators, creating redundant yet fragile interactions that undermine long-term stability. This study elucidates how vegetation management philosophies reshape urban pollination networks through the lens of plant origin, providing critical scientific evidence for the sustainable management of urban biodiversity and conservation.</p>

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Impacts of vegetation management on pollination network structure and robustness in urban parks: A case study from Beijing Wenyu River Park

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月7日

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  • Yaxuan Li,
  • Meiling Shu,
  • Chenxi Li,
  • Liwen Liu,
  • Yan Zhou,
  • Lan Wu,
  • Yuyu Wang

摘要

Urban parks are key components of urban green infrastructure, sustaining urban biodiversity under contrasting vegetation management paradigms: artificially planned management (APM) and near-natural management (NNM). Despite NNM being widely advocated as a biodiversity-friendly alternative, its actual benefits and underlying mechanisms in shaping pollination networks remain unclear, with limited empirical comparisons of how different management regimes affect plant-pollinator network structure. To address this, we surveyed plant–pollinator interactions for eight months in Wenyu River Park, Beijing, a representative megacity in northern China, comparing an APM area (Chaoyang Demonstration Garden) and a NNM area (Nature Belt) by constructing pollination networks and quantifying differences in floral resource composition, availability, attractiveness and overall network structure. We further assessed the contributions of native and alien plant species to network organization under both management strategies. Results indicated that APM areas exhibited higher floral richness but lower community evenness with dominance of alien species, and were characterized by diffuse, modular networks. In contrast, NNM areas, dominated by native flora, supported more diverse and specialized pollinators, with networks exhibiting higher nestedness, connectivity, and pollinator robustness. Comparative analysis indicated that plant origin was strongly associated with pollinator foraging strategies: NNM fostered native-specific specialization, while APM promoted resource-driven foraging. Although alien plants enhanced nestedness, their networks were less stable overall, a paradox driven by the tendency of alien plants to attract generalist pollinators, creating redundant yet fragile interactions that undermine long-term stability. This study elucidates how vegetation management philosophies reshape urban pollination networks through the lens of plant origin, providing critical scientific evidence for the sustainable management of urban biodiversity and conservation.