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<p>Butterfly communities in Mediterranean metropolitan regions are increasingly altered by urbanisation and landscape fragmentation. Using long-term data from the Barcelona Metropolitan Region, this study examines how habitat composition, local landscape dynamics and ecological traits influence butterfly richness, abundance and population trends. Grasslands emerge as the principal habitat predictor of community diversity and specialisation, whereas urbanised areas are associated with reduced butterfly abundance. Population analyses reveal widespread temporal declines, largely driven by local factors; ecological traits played no role, except for a consistent pattern of larger species showing more positive trends. These findings underscore the importance of semi-natural habitats within urban and peri-urban landscapes for maintaining butterfly diversity and highlight the need for conservation strategies that prioritise the ecological quality and connectivity of these habitats.</p>

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Local biodiversity in a metropolitan landscape: habitat and trait drivers of butterfly communities

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月27日

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  • Juli Mauri,
  • Marc Gallardet,
  • Cristina De Gracia,
  • Constantí Stefanescu,
  • Andreu Ubach

摘要

Butterfly communities in Mediterranean metropolitan regions are increasingly altered by urbanisation and landscape fragmentation. Using long-term data from the Barcelona Metropolitan Region, this study examines how habitat composition, local landscape dynamics and ecological traits influence butterfly richness, abundance and population trends. Grasslands emerge as the principal habitat predictor of community diversity and specialisation, whereas urbanised areas are associated with reduced butterfly abundance. Population analyses reveal widespread temporal declines, largely driven by local factors; ecological traits played no role, except for a consistent pattern of larger species showing more positive trends. These findings underscore the importance of semi-natural habitats within urban and peri-urban landscapes for maintaining butterfly diversity and highlight the need for conservation strategies that prioritise the ecological quality and connectivity of these habitats.