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<p><i>Rattus norvegicus</i>, a globally distributed invasive species, has successfully established urban populations in close association with humans posing significant economic and public health challenges worldwide. Understanding the relationship between landscape features and genetic differentiation among <i>R. norvegicus</i> populations is crucial for developing effective control and management strategies. The aim of this study was to analyze the genetic connectivity among <i>R. norvegicus</i> populations in different urban environments of the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires including parks, urban reserves, port areas, informal settlements, and residential neighborhoods. A total of 69 individuals were captured and analyzed from 17 sites representing diverse urban settings. Genomic DNA was extracted using the salting-out protocol, and Restriction-site Associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) was employed to analyze 863 SNPs distributed across the genome. Nei’s genetic distances and principal component analysis revealed clustering among populations from proximate sites, while FST fixation indices indicated that most populations from different sites are genetically distinct. Furthermore, analysis with STRUCTURE v2.3.4 identified four genetic populations that largely correspond to the previously identified clusters. The high genetic similarity among populations from nearby sites, along with the observed population structuring, can be attributed to limited dispersal of <i>R. norvegicus</i>, the inherent environmental heterogeneity of the urban matrix, habitat fragmentation, and the presence of landscape features acting as barriers or corridors to gene flow. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of more effective, ecology-based management plans in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires and its surrounding regions.</p>

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Population genetics of the brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) in a heterogeneous urban landscape

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月26日

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  • Martín Scaltritti,
  • Emiliano Muschetto,
  • Ignacio M. Videla,
  • Mariel A. Tripodi,
  • Diego Hancke,
  • Esteban Hasson,
  • Viviana A. Confalonieri,
  • Olga V. Suárez

摘要

Rattus norvegicus, a globally distributed invasive species, has successfully established urban populations in close association with humans posing significant economic and public health challenges worldwide. Understanding the relationship between landscape features and genetic differentiation among R. norvegicus populations is crucial for developing effective control and management strategies. The aim of this study was to analyze the genetic connectivity among R. norvegicus populations in different urban environments of the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires including parks, urban reserves, port areas, informal settlements, and residential neighborhoods. A total of 69 individuals were captured and analyzed from 17 sites representing diverse urban settings. Genomic DNA was extracted using the salting-out protocol, and Restriction-site Associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) was employed to analyze 863 SNPs distributed across the genome. Nei’s genetic distances and principal component analysis revealed clustering among populations from proximate sites, while FST fixation indices indicated that most populations from different sites are genetically distinct. Furthermore, analysis with STRUCTURE v2.3.4 identified four genetic populations that largely correspond to the previously identified clusters. The high genetic similarity among populations from nearby sites, along with the observed population structuring, can be attributed to limited dispersal of R. norvegicus, the inherent environmental heterogeneity of the urban matrix, habitat fragmentation, and the presence of landscape features acting as barriers or corridors to gene flow. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of more effective, ecology-based management plans in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires and its surrounding regions.