<p>Urban green infrastructure is essential for maintaining bird diversity in cities because it provides resources and acts as protective sites for urban bird species while facilitating their mobility. In developing countries, rapid urbanisation is reducing the ecological functionality and biodiversity of natural habitats which intensifies the need to develop functional urban parks as green pockets and refuges for bird species in urban landscapes. In this study, we aimed to identify landscape attributes influencing bird species diversity in 22 urban parks with lakes across Greater Kuala Lumpur, incorporating spatial analysis on bird observation data collected from October 2021 to February 2023. Eleven landscape factors – four physical attributes and seven landscape parameters – which could affect urban avian diversity were tested using General Additive Models. We recorded a total of 8909 individuals belonging to 104 bird species from 36 families across the urban parks. We measure the influence of landscape parameters on bird diversity indices, instead of species richness as commonly used in previous studies. Park area, park perimeter, perimeter-area ratio, green area, grey area, crown canopy cover, percentage of crown canopy cover and landscape shape index played significant roles in improving bird species diversity in the urban parks. We found that green areas with extensive woody vegetation crown canopy were more important for supporting high bird species diversity compared to large parks with a high proportion of grass and bush areas. We also found that small patches of impervious surfaces in urban parks could inadvertently create diverse microhabitats that certain bird species could exploit. This information could guide town planners and developers in designing urban parks as nature-based solutions and key factors for developing sustainable cities.</p>